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1154..ဖိုမသဘာ၀ အသိပညာေပး ( ၂၀ ) 16.9.10

 
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အပ်ိဳစစ္တယ္ ဆိုတာ

                  အပ်ိဳစစ္မစစ္ ဘယ္လိုခြဲမလဲ  ပိုစ့္မွာ ေရးထားတာနဲ့နဲနဲေတာ့ကြယ္မယ္ဗ်ာ....အပ်ိဳစစ္တယ္ဆိုတာကို အဓိပ၌ါယ္ျပန္ရံုသက္သက္ပါ...တစ္ခ်ိဳ့က ေမးလ္ကေနေမးၾကလို့ အဲဒီပိုစ့္ ကိုနဲနဲ အဓြန့္တက္လိုက္တာပါ...:P
အမ်ိဳးသမီးရဲ့ ႏို့သီး၀ိုင္းဟာ ပန္းေရာင္ရွိမွ အပ်ိဳစစ္တယ္လို့ဆိုခဲ့တာ မဟုတ္ပါဘူး....

http://www.monetine999.com အပ်ိဳစစ္တယ္ ဆိုတာ

                ရင္သား အေရာင္ကို ေျပာရင္ ႏွစ္ေနရာမွာ ေျပာဘို႔ လိုတယ္။ Areola အေရာင္ရင့္အ၀ိုင္း နဲ႔ Nipple ထိပ္ဖ်ား။ ႏွစ္ခုလံုးက Virginity အပ်ိဳရည္နဲ႔ ဘယ္လို ဆက္စပ္သလဲ။ အပ်ိဳစစ္တယ္ဆိုတာ ဘာလဲ။

               ခႏၡာေဗဒက In the virgin the areola is of a delicate rosy hue လို႔ ဆိုပါတယ္။ ဘာသာျပန္ရင္ အပ်ိဳဘ၀မွာ ႏို႔အလည္၀ိုင္း Areola ဟာ ႏွင္းဆီေသြး အေရာင္ရွိတယ္။ ကိုယ္၀န္ ၂ လရွိတာနဲ႔ အေရာင္က ရင့္လာျပီး၊ Dark brown or even black color ညိဳမဲမဲကေန အနက္ေရာင္အထိ ျဖစ္တယ္။ ကေလး ႏို႔ျဖတ္ခ်ိန္ ေနာက္ပိုင္းမွာ အေရာင္ ျပန္ေလွ်ာ့ က်လာတယ္။ ဒီလို အေရာင္အေျပာင္းအလဲဟာ ပဌမဆံုး-ကိုယ္၀န္ရွိတယ္ ဆိုတာကို ဆံုးျဖတ္ရာမွာ အသံုး၀င္ပါတယ္။ http://www.monetine999.com အပ်ိဳစစ္တယ္ ဆိုတာ

            အပ်ိဳစစ္စစ္ေရာ လူပ်ိဳစစ္စစ္ပါ Virgin လို႔ဘဲ ေခၚတယ္။ အဓိပၸါယ္ ဖြင့္တာ မတူၾကပါ။ အမ်ားစုကေတာ့ "မိန္းကေလး တေယာက္ သူ႔ဘ၀မွာ ပဌမဆံုး အၾကိမ္ မိန္းမအဂၤါ (ဗဂ်ိဳင္းနား) ထဲကို က်ားအဂၤါ (လိင္တံ) ထိုးသြင္းျပီး၊ လိင္ဆက္ဆံတာ ေတြ႔ၾကံဳဘူးလိုက္တာနဲ႔၊ အပ်ိဳ မစစ္ေတာ့ဘူး။" "ေယာက္်ားလည္း အဲလို အေတြ႔အၾကံဳရွိဘူးတာနဲ႔ လူပ်ိဳ မစစ္ေတာ့ဘူး။" လို႔ နားလည္၊ လက္ခံထားၾကတယ္။ (လိင္တူ-ဆက္ဆံတာကို ဒီေနရာမွာ ခ်န္ထားပါရေစ။)
http://www.monetine999.com အပ်ိဳစစ္တယ္ ဆိုတာ

          ဘယ္လို ေခၚေခၚပါ၊ အေျခအေန အမ်ိဳးေပါင္း မ်ားစြာ ျဖစ္ေနႏိုင္တယ္။ အပ်ိဳစစ္စစ္၊ လိင္ဆက္ဆံဘူးေပမဲ့ အိမ္ေထာင္ မက်ေသးသူ၊ လိင္ဆက္ဆံတာ မ်ားလွေပမဲ့ ကုိယ္၀န္မရဘူးသူ၊ ကေလး မေမြးဘူးသူ၊ ကုိယ္၀န္ရွိလို႔ ပ်က္-ဖ်က္ဘူးျပီး၊ အိမ္ေထာင္မရွိ၊ ကေလးမရွိသူ၊ ဗမာေတြက တခုလပ္၊ တလင္ကြာ၊ မုဆိုးမ ေခၚၾကေပမဲ့ သူမ်ားဆီမွာ ေယာက္်ား မရွိရင္လဲ (ဆင္ဂယ္လ္) ဘဲ၊ ေယာက္်ား မယူဘဲ ကေလးရသူကို (ဆင္ဂယ္လ္-မားသား)။ အအိုေပမဲ့ ပ်ိဳေအာင္ လုပ္ထားသူဆိုတာ ကေလးေမြးျပီး မ-အဂၤါကို ခြဲစိတ္ ျပဳျပင္ထားသူ၊ အပ်ိဳေျမွး အသစ္ျပဳျပင္ထားသူ၊ ဒါ့အျပင္လဲ ရွိခ်င္ ရွိအံုးမယ္။

          Virginity ပ်က္ယြင္းတာကို ေဆးပညာအရ စစ္လို႔ ရႏိုင္ပါတယ္။ Rape အဓမၼျပဳက်င့္လို႔ ရာဇ၀တ္မႈ ျဖစ္ရင္ ဆရာ၀န္ဆီ ေခၚလာရတယ္။ ေဆးစစ္ရာမွာ (၁) Rape အထေျမာက္-မေျမာက္၊ ေယာက္်ား သုတ္ပိုး ေပက်န္ေနတာ လိုက္ရွာျပီး၊ ဓါတ္ခြဲအတည္ျ႔ပဳခ်က္ ယူေပးရတယ္။ (၂) အသက္ငယ္ရင္ အသက္ ျပည့္-မျပည့္ပါ စစ္ရေသးတယ္။ (၃) ထိခိုက္ ဒဏ္ရာေတြ ရွိ-မရွိ ၾကည့္ရတယ္။ (၄) တကယ္လို႔ ခံရသူဟာ အပ်ိဳျဖစ္ခဲ့ရင္ အပ်ိဳရည္ ပ်က္တဲ့ အခ်က္ပါ ၾကည့္ရတယ္။

            လိင္ဆက္ဆံဘူးတာနဲ႔ ရင္သားအေရာင္ မေျပာင္းလဲေသးပါ။ ရာသီျဖစ္စဥ္က ရင္သားကို တစံုတရာ သက္ေရာက္ေစတယ္။ တင္းတာ၊ နာတာမ်ိဳး ျဖစ္တတ္တယ္။ အသက္ရလာရင္ အ၀ိုင္းေရာ ထိပ္ဖ်ားပါ အေရာင္ ရင့္လာတယ္။ ကိုယ္၀န္ရွိတယ္ ဆိုတာနဲ႔ ေျပာင္းလဲတာေတြ တေလွၾကီးထဲမယ္ ရင္သား ေျပာင္းလဲတာလဲ ပါတယ္။ ရင္သား ထိပ္၀ိုင္း အေရာင္ ရင့္လာျပီး၊ ႏို႔သီး-ထိပ္ဖ်ားက အေရာင္လဲ ေျပာင္းတယ္။ "အသားအေရာင္ ျဖဴျဖဴ၊ ညိဳညိဳ၊ ႏို႔သီး-ထိပ္ဖ်ား အလည္ေလာက္မွာ ပန္းေရာင္ စက္ကေလး ရွိေနရင္ ကုိယ္၀န္ မေဆာင္ဘူးေသးသူ" လို႔ ေျပာႏိုင္ေပမဲ့၊ ပန္းေရာင္ မေတြ႔ရရင္ အပ်ိဳ မဟုတ္ဘူးလို႔ အရင္ထုတ္ ေဆးစာအုပ္ေတြက ဆိုေပမဲ့ အခု ရာႏွဳန္းျပည့္ မမွန္ပါဘူးတဲ့။

          ေယာက္်ားေတြမွာ အသက္ၾကီးလာလို႔ ေဟာ္မုန္း အခ်ိဳးအစား ေျပာင္းခ်ိန္မွာ ႏို႔အံုက မိန္းမေတြလို ၾကီးလာရင္ Gynecomastia လို႔ ေခၚတယ္။ Testosterone ေဟာ္မုန္း နည္းလာလို႔ပါ။

http://www.monetine999.com အပ်ိဳစစ္တယ္ ဆိုတာ

          "ႏို႔" ဟာ အထီးမွာ ပါတယ္ ဆိုယံုသာ ျမင္ရျပီး၊ အမမွာေတာ့ သိသိသာသာ၊ ထူးထူးျခားျခား၊ မရွိမျဖစ္ အသံုး၀င္လွတဲ့ မ်ိဳးပြားျခင္းဆိုင္ရာ အဂၤါတခု ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ Breasts ကို Mammary Gland လို႔ေခၚတာက ႏို႔ရည္ထုတ္ေပးတဲ့ အိတ္လို႔ ေျပာတာပါ။ ဘယ္ေလာက္ ေလးတယ္၊ တင္းတယ္၊ ေျပာ့တယ္၊ ဘယ္ပံုပန္း ရွိတယ္ဆိုတာ အေတာ္ၾကီး မတူၾကပါ။ ေယဘုယ် ေျပာရင္ ငယ္တံုးက ေသးတယ္။ အစက ကမၻာလံုးျခမ္း လိုရွိရာကေန ၾကာရင္ ေခါင္ေလာင္းပံု ျဖစ္လာတယ္။ ကိုယ္၀န္ေဆာင္ရင္ သိသိသာသာ ပိုၾကီးျပီး၊ ကေလး ႏို႔တိုက္ေနခ်ိန္မွာ အၾကီးဆံုး။ မ်ားေသာအားျဖင့္ ဘယ္ဘက္က ပိုၾကီးတယ္ ဆိုတာကို ေဆးပညာကေရာ အရပ္စကားပါ ထပ္တူၾကတယ္။ ႏို႔အဂၤါဟာ လံုး၀န္းတယ္ ဆိုေပမဲ့ တိတိက်က် ေျပာရင္ အထက္-ေဘးဘက္၊ ခ်ိဳင္းဘက္ဆီ နဲနဲ ပိုရွည္ထြက္ေနတယ္။ ေဆးစာမွာ Tail of breast အျမီးလို႔ ေခၚတယ္။

          Nipple က Pink ပန္းေရာင္ ဒါမွမဟုတ္ Brownish hue ခပ္ညိဳညိဳ အေရာင္ ျဖစ္တယ္။ ထိပ္မွာ ျပြန္ေပါက္ေလးေတြ ၁၅-၂၀ ရွိတယ္။ ႏို႔သီးအေျခမွာ အေရာင္အရင့္ အ၀ိုင္း Areola ဆိုတာ ရွိတယ္။ သူ႔အေပၚမွာ တျခားေနရာက ေခြ်းထြက္ အိတ္ေတြထက္ ပိုၾကီးတဲ့ အိတ္ေလးေတြရွိျပီး၊ အဆီထုတ္ေပးတာမို႔ ကေလးႏို႔စိုေနတံုး အကာကြယ္ ေပးရာက်တယ္။

            Nipple ႏို႔သီးဟာ ဆလင္ဒါပံု၊ ကေတာ့ပံုနဲ႔၊ ၁၀ မီလီမီတာ ျမင့္တယ္။ သူ႔ကို ဆြေပးရင္ သန္မာမႈ Erection ျဖစ္ႏိုင္တယ္။ ႏို႔သီးထိပ္ကို ဆြရင္ သန္မာမႈ ျဖစ္ေစတာက Erectile tissue ေၾကာင့္ မဟုတ္ပါ။ ၾကြက္သားႏု Smooth muscle ေၾကာင့္ ျဖစ္ရတာပါ။ ၾကက္သီးထာတာမ်ိဳး၊ ရာသီဥတု ေအးရင္ ျဖစ္ရတာမ်ိဳးလိုပါဘဲ။ လိင္စိတ္ေၾကာင့္လည္း ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ရုပ္ရွင္မွာ မင္းသမီးကို အဲဒီ ေနရာကို ေရခဲ အကပ္ခိုင္းျပီး ခ်စ္ခန္း-ၾကိဳက္ခန္း ရိုက္ရတယ္။ ႏို႔စို႔ေနရင္လည္း ျဖစ္တယ္။ ဒီႏွစ္မ်ိဳးလံုးက Oxytocin ေဟာ္မုန္းေၾကာင့္ပါ။ တခ်ိဳ႕မွာ ဒီလို ဆြေပးတာနဲ႔ဘဲ Orgasm လိင္စိတ္ျပည့္၀ျခင္း ျဖစ္ႏိုင္တယ္လို႔ ေျပာတယ္။

          Areola (ေအရီယိုလာ) က အေရာင္ မတူၾကသလို အရြယ္အစား သာမက ပံုပန္းလဲ မတူၾကပါ။ အမ်ားဆံုးက စက္၀ိုင္းလို ရွိၾကေပမဲ့ Elliptical ဘဲဥပံုလည္း ရွိေသးတယ္။ ေယာက္်ားေတြမွာ အခ်င္း ၁ လကၼရွိၾကျပီး၊ မိန္းမေတြက ၁႕၂ ကေန ၄ လကၼအထိ ရွိၾကတယ္။ ဒီအ၀ိုင္းက ဘာလို႔ပါတာလဲကို မွန္းေျပာတခုရွိတယ္။ ႏို႔ဆာတဲ့ကေလး ရွာရတာ လြယ္ေအာင္တဲ့။ မဟုတ္ႏိုင္ပါ။ ကေလးဆိုတာ ေမြးကတည္းက သူ႔ပါးကေလးကို တခုခုနဲ႔ ထိလိုက္တာနဲ႔ ႏို႔မွတ္ျပီး၊ ေခါင္း လွည့္လာမယ္။ ႏို႔ရွာရာမွာ မ်က္စိ မလိုပါ။

         ကိုယ္၀န္ မေဆာင္ဘူးသူ တခ်ိဳ႕မွာ Breast နဲ႔ Areola အေရာင္ အေတာ္နီးစပ္ေအာင္ တူေနတတ္တယ္။ သူငယ္ခ်င္းေတြ ေျပာၾက-ျငင္းၾကတာတခု ရွိတယ္။ မိန္းကေလး တေယာက္မွာ ႏုတ္ခမ္း အေရာင္နဲ႔ ႏို႔သီးဖ်ား အေရာင္က တူၾကသတဲ့။ "မေရႊတိက်" က လာေသးတယ္၊ အေပၚ ႏုတ္ခမ္း အေရာင္နဲ႔သာ တူတာပါတဲ့။

        ေမြးကာစ ေယာက္်ားေလးျဖစ္ျဖစ္၊ မိန္းကေလးျဖစ္ျဖစ္ ႏို႔ရည္ထြတ္တာ မ-ေဟာ္မုန္း သတၴိအရ ျဖစ္တယ္။ ႏို႔ဆိုတာ ၂ ခုထဲလို႔ သိၾကေပမဲ့၊ တခ်ိဳ႕မွာ ၂ ခုမက ရွိတတ္တယ္။ ဗိုက္ထဲ ေနတံုးကတည္းက ရွိခဲ့တာပါ။ မင္းသား Mark Wahlberg တီဗြီ တင္ဆက္သူ Lily Allen အဲလီဇဗက္ (၁) ရဲ႕မယ္ေတာ္ Anne Boleyn တို႔မွာ တတိယႏို႔ ရွိၾကတယ္။ ဂ်မ္းစ္-ဘြန္း ရုပ္ရွင္ "ေရႊသနတ္နဲ႔လူ" ထဲက လူဆိုးဆရာၾကီး Francisco Scaramanga မွာလည္း အဲလို အပိုရွိတာကို ျပေသးတယ္။

          လမ္းေလွ်ာက္ရင္း၊ ေျပးရင္းကေနျဖစ္တဲ့ အေျခအေနတခုကို Jogger's nipple လို႔ ေခၚတယ္။ ႏို႔သီးအဖ်ား နာ၊ ေျခာက္၊ အေနရခက္၊ ေသြးထြက္တာမ်ိဳး ေျပာတာပါ။ ၀တ္ထားတဲ့ အ၀တ္အစားနဲ႔ ပြတ္တိုက္မႈေၾကာင့္ ျဖစ္ရတယ္။ ဒါ့ေၾကာင့္ အတြင္းခံ မပါဘဲ ေျပးပါတဲ့။ ရွက္တတ္ရင္ေတာ့ ခပ္ေခ်ာင္ေခ်ာင္သာ ၀တ္ပါတဲ့။

           ယဥ္ေက်းမႈ မတူရင္ တန္ဘိုးထားမႈ ကြဲျပားတယ္။ အံ့ၾသရေလာက္ေအာက္ မတူတာေတြ ရွိတယ္။ ေဟာလိ၀ုဒ္ ရုပ္ရွင္ တခုမွာ အသက္ ၁၈ ႏွစ္လဲ ျပည့္ျပီ၊ ေကာလိပ္ သြားရေတာ့မယ္၊ Virgin ဘ၀နဲ႔ မသြားခ်င္ဘူးလို႔ မင္းသမီးေလးကို အေျပာခိုင္းတယ္။ သူ႔စရိုက္နဲ႔ သူကိုက္ပါတယ္။ သတို႔သမီးကို စစ္သလား ဘယ္သူကမွ မေမးဘူး။ တေထာင့္တည ပံုျပင္ တခုထဲမွာ သမီးရဲ႕ မဂၤလာဦးမွာ ဖေအလုပ္သူက ေအာ္သံကို နားစြန္႔ေနသတဲ့။ မေအက မနက္က်ရင္ ေသြးစြန္းတဲ့ အိပ္ရာခင္း လိုက္ရွာသတဲ့။ သူမ်ားေတြ လက္ညွိဳးထိုးမေနနဲ႔ ပုဂံေခတ္မွာ ပန္းဦးလႊတ္ထာ မလုပ္ မေနရတဲ့။

            ေယာက္်ားနဲ႔ ပဌမဆံုး ဆက္ဆံခ်ိန္မွာ ေသြးထြက္တာျဖစ္ရင္ အပိ်ဳစစ္တယ္။ ေသြးမထြက္ရင္ အပ်ိဳမဟုတ္ဘူးလို႔ မေျပာဘဲ အပ်ိဳေျမွး မရွိသူျဖစ္တယ္လို႔ ေျပာလာၾကတယ္။ အဲဒီေသြးက အပ်ိဳေျမွး စုတ္ျပဲသြားလို႔ ထြက္တာကိုး။ တျခားေၾကာင့္ ေသြးထြက္တာေတြလဲ ရွိပါတယ္။ Endometritis, Yeast, Infections, Cervical Dysplasia, Vaginitis, Cervical Polyps, Chlamydia, Gonorrhea & other STDs ေရာဂါတခုခု ရွိေနရင္လဲ ေသြးထြက္ႏိုင္တယ္။ လိင္ဆက္ဆံလို႔ မဟုတ္ဘဲ အပ်ိဳေျမွး စုတ္ျပဲေစႏိုင္တဲ့အေၾကာင္းေတြလဲ ရွိတယ္။ စက္ဘီးစီး၊ ျမင္းစီး၊ ထိခိုက္ဒဏ္ရာရ၊ (မာစတာေဘးရွင္း) လုပ္၊ ေဆးစစ္တံုးက ကရိယာထည့္လို႔။

အပ်ိဳစစ္ လကၡဏာဆိုတာေတြကို ေဆးပညာအရ ေျပာပါဆိုရင္ -
• ရင္သား၊ တင္းေနမယ္၊ လံုး၀န္းျပီး ဆန္႔ႏိုင္-ၾကံဳ႕ႏိုင္တယ္၊ ႏို႔သီးထိပ္က မာတင္းတင္း၊ ေအာက္ေျခ အ၀ိုင္းက ပင္ကိုယ္အသားအေရာင္ လိုက္ျပီး ပန္းေရာင္ကေန ညိဳမဲမဲေနမယ္၊ ႏိုးသီးအဖ်ားမွာ ပန္းေရာင္အစက္ရွိမယ္၊
• မိန္းမကိုယ္ အျပင္ႏုတ္ခမ္းသား လံုး၀န္းျပီး၊ ဆန္႔ႏိုင္-ၾကံဳ႕ႏိုင္တယ္၊ ႏုတ္ခမ္းသား ႏွစ္ဖက္ ထိကပ္ေနမယ္၊ အတြင္းႏုတ္ခမ္းသား နဲ႔ မ-အစိေတြကို လံုး၀ ဖံုးအုပ္ေနမယ္၊
• မိန္းမကိုယ္ အတြင္း-ႏုတ္ခမ္းသား ပန္းေရာင္ရွိမယ္၊ ထိရင္ သိလြန္းတယ္၊
http://www.monetine999.com အပ်ိဳစစ္တယ္ ဆိုတာ
• မ-အစိ Clitoris ေသးငယ္တယ္၊
• အတြင္း-ႏုတ္ခမ္းသားႏွစ္ခုကို ေဘးဖယ္ကား ၾကည့္တဲ့အခါ ျမင္ႏိုင္တဲ့ေနရာ Vestibule က်ဥ္းတယ္၊
• မိန္းမကိုယ္ ေအာက္ဖ်ား အလယ္ေနရာ Fourchette အေကာင္းပကတိ ရွိေနတယ္၊

http://www.monetine999.com အပ်ိဳစစ္တယ္ ဆိုတာ
• မိန္းမကိုယ္ ေအာက္ဖ်ား အလယ္ေနရာရဲ႕ဆံုခ်က္ Posterior commissure အေကာင္းပကတိ ရွိေနတယ္၊
• ဗဂ်ိဳင္းနား Vagina က်ဥ္းတယ္၊
• ဗဂ်ိဳင္းနားကို ဖံုးထားတဲ့အလႊာ အေရာင္က နီတယ္၊ ထိရင္ သိလြန္းတယ္၊ ေဘးႏွစ္ဖက္ ထိကပ္ေနတယ္၊

http://www.monetine999.com အပ်ိဳစစ္တယ္ ဆိုတာ
• အပ်ိဳေျမွး Hymen အေကာင္း ပကတိ ရွိေနတယ္၊ လက္ေခ်ာင္း တေခ်ာင္းစာထက္ ပိုမဆံ့ဘူး၊ ႏုတ္ခမ္းသားက စုတ္ျပဲသလို မဟုတ္ရဘူး၊ တိတိက်က် ျဖစ္ေနရမယ္။

Ref: Dr Tint Swe and www.thevalkyrie.com/ladybumps/stories/steele/wedding-trip.htm
       http://easycomeseasygoes.blogspot.com/2009/03/physical-virginity-tests-in-africa.html

HOW TO CHECK IF A GIRL'S STILL A VIRGIN?


Virginity and First-Time Sex

What does "virginity" really mean? The definition has changed greatly from the origination of the word, with its transformation to a sexual term in medieval times and today's adaptation of the word. Below is some history about "virginity" you might find of interest.

Virgo – Origination of "Virgin"

"Virgin" originated from the Greek and Latin word "Virgo," or maiden. It was used often in Greek mythology to classify several goddesses such as Artemis (also known as Diana) and Hestia. Virgin was a label of strength and independence -- it described the goddesses who were immune to the temptations of Dionysus, Greek god of seduction and wine. Artemis is the Greek virgin goddess of the moon and the hunt; she protects women in labor, small children and wild animals. Hestia is the Greek virgin goddess of the hearth. She never takes part in the struggle of men and gods. Virginity was once a term of power.
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Medieval Transformation of Virgin

In medieval times, virginity became a sexual term for a heterosexual woman in a physical state of not having had been penetrated by a penis. "Virginity" was classified as a gift from the Christian God only to be released by a "husband." It was expected for a woman to remain chaste until marriage; a woman broke her family's honor if she was not chaste and was often punished. Tests of chastity, both medical and mystical, were used on women to verify their status.

One such test was checking for a hymen, or thin flap of skin located ½ inch inside most women's vaginas upon birth. If the hymen was still intact, the woman was said to be "virgin." This test had been developed or adopted by various other cultures as well.
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Today's Interpretation

In the last few decades, the term or label "virgin" has become confusing as we try to label persons of both genders -- as well as transgendered persons and all persons of sexual orientations (straight, gay and bisexual).

The old concept of checking for a woman's hymen to determine if she is a virgin is being thrown out as more is understood about the hymen. Not all women are born with hymens, some are born without fully intact hymens, and the membrane is so thin that it often breaks with normal physical activity such as running, gymnastics or horseback riding. Today it's assumed that "virgin" means not having had been penetrated sexually. But what is considered "de-virginizing" penetration is still unclear -- does it mean penetration by a penis, finger, tongue or experience alone? Even more confusing is how society judges a "virgin." Sometimes the name is used condescendingly, sometimes in high regard and sometimes simply just as a fact.

So there you have it -- the history and confusion of the word "virgin." It still leaves a question as to what "virginity" really means. As society is still confused, it's up to us to develop our own personal interpretation of the word. Many would like to regain the association of the word "virgin" with power, extending to all persons. However you decide to personalize the term, don't force your interpretation on others. If your potential partner discuss "virginity" versus "non-virginity" make sure you are clear on your definitions. 


What Is A Real Test Of A Woman Virginity? 

It is true, a lady can lose her virginity as a result of other activities apart from sex. I don't know why the lady is complaining. Maybe you are her would be suitor and curious about the claim.

I believe there is a way of knowing a virgin. However, just like the convention "tearing of hymen" can be faked, there is no absolute guaranttee. Why the stess? It is only a foolish man that would pick virginity over dignity.

Went thru the thread and it reminded me of a discussion that took place in my room at school some weeks back. We had been trying to determine when a girl loses her virginity. Out of curiousity, i posted the topic on Yahoo Answers and i got some rather reasonable answers. One of which was that a girl loses her virginity only upon pentration of the manliness into her womanliness. Period.
In other words, as long as your friend ha not actually slept with a man, she is still, technically, a virgin. Full Stop, End of Quote. Smiley

Tell the girl not to worry she is still a virgin, from my experience with my hubby, i was a virgin ,the very first time we tried to have  sex, my hemen got torn, it bleeded, but still we havnt had sex yet, he tried ,the next two days, his p***s couldnt penetrate ,and it was painful, he kept trying day by day untill it was ok, so she should not be afraid ,the guy will truely find out himself.



Physical Virginity Tests in Africa!!!!!!

To all Ladies out there - anyone of you dare to take this tests ??????????

Thousands of girls in South Africa are queuing up each month to prove that they are virgins, reviving an African tradition seen by many as the answer to the scourge of AIDS.

Bare-breasted teenagers wearing nothing but strings of beads and colourful loincloths regularly submit to the ordeal of having a stranger check if their hymens are intact, leaping for joy when the test confirms that they are still virgins.

Advocates say the revival of the rite, which had died out in all but a few rural areas late in the 20th century, is the most effective way to stop the spread of teenage pregnancies and the deadly HIV virus, believed to affect one in 10 South Africans.

Opponents argue that the practice is unconstitutional, unhygienic and violates the human rights of those being tested.

"Those who are behind the comeback...say that if we test young girls to see if they are virgins they will be fearful and will not engage in sexual activity," said Phumelele Ntombela-Nzinande, former deputy head of the Commission for Gender Equality.

"We are arguing that this practice undermines the principles of equality, freedom and human dignity. It is difficult to tell whether or not a girl has had intercourse and after touching about 600 girls you can easily transfer infections."

Girls between the age of seven and 26 lie on a mat in front of the woman doing the test, which only takes a few seconds. It is often carried out with bare hands and the tester seldom washes them.

Girls who pass get white stars pasted on their foreheads and a certificate confirming their virginity.

"We have come here to celebrate and keep our culture going," 16- year-old Brenda Mkhize told Reuters television after her test.

"It's better to be a virgin than to have AIDS and have a baby at the age of 16...we don't see any reason to sleep with a guy, and I think I will stay like this until I get married."

Mkhize was one of hundreds of girls attending a virginity celebration at a sports stadium near Durban in December.

Afterwards, the girls sang and danced in traditional Zulu fashion.

"We are here because we are proud of ourselves, because we are virgins," another girl said.

Any volunteers from Asia for this tests??????




 

 
 




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1148..ဖိုမသဘာ၀ အသိပညာေပး ( ၁၉ ) 15.9.10

 
အေမြးအမ်ွင္ လြယ္ကူစြာ သန့္ရွင္းေရးလုပ္ျခင္း ( ဖယ္ရွားျခင္း )
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အေမြးအမ်ွင္ လြယ္ကူစြာ သန့္ရွင္းေရးလုပ္ျခင္း ( ဖယ္ရွားျခင္း )


                               ကိုယ္ေပၚမွာ မလိုအပ္ေသာ္ သို့မဟုတ္ ေရာဂါရႏိုင္ေသာ္ သို့မဟုတ္ မိမိပဲျဖစ္ေစ တစ္ျခားသူတစ္ဦးတစ္ေယာက္အတြက္ျဖစ္ေစ စိတ္ကသိကေအာင့္ျဖစ္ေစႏိုင္ေသာ္
အေမြးအမွွင္မ်ားကို ဖယ္ရွားရွင္းလင္းပစ္ပါတယ္....


                               ဒိေနရာမွာ ဆီးဂံုေမြး ကိုပထမဦးစားေပးတင္ျပပါမယ္....ဒုတိယကေတာ့ခ်ိဳင္းေမြးေပါ့......ေနာက္ေျခသလံုးအေမြးႏွင့္အျခာအေမြးေပါ့..ဆီးဂံုေမြးကို ပထမဦးစားေပး ေဖၚျပရျခင္းမွာ ရင္းနီးေသာ္သူငယ္ခ်င္း အခ်င္းခ်င္းေတာင္  ပြင့္လင္းစြာေဆြးေနြးတိုင္ပင္ရန္အခက္အခဲ ရွိႏိုင္ေသာ္ေၾကာင့္ျဖစ္ပါတယ္.....

http://www.monetine999.com အေမြးအမ်ွင္ လြယ္ကူစြာ သန့္ရွင္းေရးလုပ္ျခင္း ( ဖယ္ရွားျခင္း )<br />
                            ဆီးဂံုေမြးကိုအလြယ္တကူဖယ္ရွားပစ္ဖို့ ညႊန္းခ်င္ေသာ္ သင့္ေတာ္ေကာင္းမြန္သည့္ ေဆးတစ္မ်ိဳးမွာ Fem အမွတ္တံဆိပ္ အေမြးအမ်ွင္ခ်ြတ္ေဆးျဖစ္ပါတယ္....ဒိေဆးဟာ ၀ယ္ယူရာမွာလြယ္ကူသေလာက္ ထိေရာက္ေသာ္စြမ္းေဆာင္မွုကိုလည္းေပးျပီး အႏၱရာယ္လည္း မရွိသေလာက္ နည္းပါးပါတယ္.....တန္ဘိုးကလည္း ၉၀၀ က်ပ္၀န္းက်င္ခန့္သာရွိပါတယ္...

http://www.monetine999.com အေမြးအမ်ွင္ လြယ္ကူစြာ သန့္ရွင္းေရးလုပ္ျခင္း ( ဖယ္ရွားျခင္း )

                           အသံုးပံုကေတာ့  ေ၇ခ်ိဳးခါနည္းတြင္ ေဆးဘူးထဲတြင္ပါေသာ္ ကေလာ္တံႏွင့္ ေဆးကိုကေလာ္ျပီး အေမြးမ်ားအေပၚတြင္ သုတ္လိမ္းျပီး ( 15 ) မိနစ္ခန့္ထားထားပါ....
ထို့ေနာက္ ေရခ်ိဳးေနေသာ္အခါ လံုခ်ည္ျဖင့္ ပြတ္တိုက္ေပးလိုက္ပါက မိေမြးတိုင္းဖေမြးတိုင္း ေျပာင္သြားပါမယ္...ခ်ိဳင္းေမြးလည္းထိုနည္းအတိုင္းပါ....

                          
http://www.monetine999.com အေမြးအမ်ွင္ လြယ္ကူစြာ သန့္ရွင္းေရးလုပ္ျခင္း ( ဖယ္ရွားျခင္း )
ဒီလိုမလုပ္နဲ့ေနာ္
                    
                        ဇနီးေမာင္ႏွံဘယ္ျဖစ္ျဖစ္ ခ်စ္သူစံုတြဲမ်ားျဖစ္ျဖစ္ လိင္ဆက္ဆံၾကေသာ္အခါ အထြဋ္အထိတ္ေရာက္ဖို့ ( ျပီးဖို့ ) ဆီးဂံုေမြးမ်ား၇ွင္းလင္းထားျပီးသန့္ရွင္းေနျခင္းျဖစ္လည္း
တစ္နည္းတစ္ဖံုအေထာက္အကူရေစပါတယ္...

                         တစ္ခ်ီဳ့ေသာ္သူမ်ားသည္ ျပီးရန္ သို့မဟုတ္အား၇ရန္ လိင္အဂ္ါကို ၾကည့္ၾကည့္ဆက္ဆံၾကပါတယ္လို့သိရပါတယ္......ထိုအခါ လိင္အဂ္ါတစ္၀ိုက္တြင္ အေမြးမ်ားရွင္းလင္း ေနရန္လိုအပ္သည္....

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                            တစ္ေယာက္နွင့္တစ္ေယာက္ အျပန္အလွန္စိတ္ပါဖို့လိုအပ္ပါတယ္.....မိမိကစိတ္ပါေသာ္လည္း မိမိသည္ သန့္ရွင္းမွုမရွိလ်ွင္ မိမိ၏ပါတနာကကစိတ္မပါေတာ့ပဲ မလြွဲသာလို့သာ
အလိုတူခဲ့ရတယ္..ျပီးမွာမဟုတ္ေတာ့ပါဘူး......ထိုအခါေဖာက္ျပန္တဲ့အထိ အေျခအေနေတြဆိုးသြားႏိုင္ပါတယ္...

http://www.monetine999.com အေမြးအမ်ွင္ လြယ္ကူစြာ သန့္ရွင္းေရးလုပ္ျခင္း ( ဖယ္ရွားျခင္း )

                            ေယက္်ားတာ၀န္ မိန္းမတာ၀န္ေတြ အျပည့္အ၀ေက်ႏိုင္ေတာ့မွာ မဟုတ္ေတာ့ပါဘူး....တစ္ဦးကိုတစ္ဦးစိတ္ေက်နပ္တဲ့အထိ ျပီးတဲ့အထိအျပန္အလွန္ နားလည္မွု အထာသိထားဖို့လိုပါတယ္.....



                           သို့ျဖစ္ပါေသာ္ေၾကာင့္ ဖိုမသဘာ၀သိေကာင္းစရာ တစ္ခုအေနႏွင့္ က်န္းမာေရးရွုေထာင့္မွ အေမြးအမ်ွင္သန့္ရွင္းဖို့ လည္းလိုအပ္ေသာ္ေၾကာင့္ လြယ္ကူစြာအသံုးျပဳႏိုင္မည္ု Fem
အေမြးအမ်ွင္ခ်ြတ္ေဆးကို တင္ျပလိုက္ရျခင္းသာျဖစ္ပါတယ္...


Fem Hair Removing Cream                                                         

Now Enriched with the goodness of Avocado oil, Fem Perfumed Hair Removing cream dissolves hair from the skin surface, safely & effectively. The Avocado oil helps in conditioning the skin. The result - soft & smooth arms, underarms & body . . . the safer way

**Available in 3 Variants

  • Lemon
  • Blossom
  • Rose

Fem Hair Removing Cream

FAQ on Bleach

Q.1.
Why does skin turn red after bleaching ?
 
Since bleaching is an exothermic (gives out heat) reaction, it sometimes causes vasodilatation in cases where the blood vessels are very close to the surface of the skin. The excessive blood flow causes a flushed look to appear. Some ladies like this look. However, it is temporary and goes away in an hour or two. Application of ice will make it disappear faster.
Q.2.
What happens when excess activator powder is used ?
 
This will break the Hydrogen peroxide much faster and the bleaching process will be more vigorous. It will also cause more irritation. Beauty parlors employ this on the hands and neck area. Since the skin in these regions is not as sensitive as that of the face and they get results in a shorter time. Vice-versa is also true.
Q.3.
Is bleaching harmful for the skin ?

Bleaching is providing oxygen to the skin. Hydrogen peroxide is a strong antiseptic, which removes the bacteria and other pimple causing microorganisms from the skin. In fact a derivative of Hydrogen peroxide is the most popular anti-pimple active ingredient.
Q.4.
How frequently one should bleach ?

Ideally, once in 15 days. Repeated use of bleach is safe and good fore skin as it cleans and makes the skin breathe easier other than camouflaging the hair to match skin colour.
 
FAQ on FEM Hair Removing Cream

Q1.
What's the difference between the various at-home methods of hair removal; shaving, depilation and waxing ?
 
Shaving is one of the simplest and most commonly used methods of hair removal, but also lasts the shortest amount of time because hair is removed at skin level only and hair reappears in one to four days. In addition, shaving actually stimulates the hair follicle which speeds up the regrowth process causing hair to grow not only faster, but thicker and coarser than before-much like a man's beard.

Depilatory cream Chemically dissolves hair at the skin's surface, and is then rinsed away with water. This method is much more feminine and leaves the skin silky smooth.

Waxing warm or cold wax is applied to the skin encasing each hair. The wax is then stripped off to remove hair from below the skin's surface.

 
Q2. How much time I should keep FEM hair removing cream on my skin for removing the unwanted hair ?
 
Generally, Fem Hair removing cream takes 10 minutes to remove the hair, but it varies from person to person. Please test your own hair removing time by wiping cream from a small area with wet cotton, if hair are still visible please wait for some more minutes.
 
Q3. What precaution should I take if using FEM Hair Removing cream for the first time ?
 
A preliminary patch test is advisable for the first time user. Please apply the cream on a small part of your inner arm. Wait for 8 to 10 mints, and wipe it off with wet cotton. If there is no redness or irritation, you may continue using it.
 
Q4. Can we use FEM HRC on the face ?
 
It is not recommended to use fem HRC on face, eyebrow, nose, and ears, as skin on face is more fragile and sensitive than the skin on the body.
 

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မာတိကာ ၁ မာတိကာ ၂ မာတိကာ ၃ မာတိကာ ၄ မာတိကာ ၅
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1112..ဖိုမသဘာ၀ အသိပညာေပး ( ၁၈ ) 11.9.10

 
လိင္အဂ္ါ ခြဲစိတ္ေျပာင္းလဲျခင္း သိေကာင္းစရာမ်ား
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လိင္အဂ္ါ ခြဲစိတ္ေျပာင္းလဲျခင္း သိေကာင္းစရာမ်ား
Rudy Radu

              လိင္အဂါ္ ေျပာင္းလဲဖို႔ ခြဲစိတ္မႈလုပ္မယ္ဆိုရင္ ကမၻာအရပ္ရပ္က လူေတြက ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံကို မ်က္စိထဲ ေျပးျမင္လိုက္ၾကပါတယ္။ ဒီလိုျမင္ရေအာင္ဘဲ ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံမွာ ေငြေၾကးအကုန္အက် သိပ္မမ်ားဘဲ လိင္အဂၤါကို အလြယ္တကူ ေျပာင္းလဲခြဲစိတ္ႏိုင္တဲ့ ေဆးရုံေတြ၊ ေဆးခန္းေတြမ်ားလွပါတယ္။ ဒီလိုေျပာင္းလဲလိုတဲ့ ႏိုင္ငံတကာကလူေတြကလည္း ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံကို တကူးတက လာေရာက္ၿပီး ခြဲစိတ္ေျပာင္းလဲ ေနလွ်က္ရွိပါတယ္. ဒါေပမယ့္ ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံဆရာ၀န္ေတြက ဒီလိုလိင္အဂၤါေျပာင္းလဲခြဲစိတ္တဲ့ နည္းလမ္းေတြကို ထိုင္း ႏိုင္ငံမွာရွိတဲ့ ဘယ္ေဆးတကၠသိုလ္မွာမွ သီးသန္႔ေဆးပညာတရပ္အေနနဲ႔ မသင္ၾကားခဲ့ရဘူးလို႔ စိတ္၀င္စားစရာေတြ႔ရပါတယ္။ အေရအျပားဆိုင္ရာ ပလပ္စတစ္ ခြဲစိတ္ကုသျခင္းဆိုတဲ့ ေခါင္းစဥ္ေအာက္မွုာ သင္ၾကားတဲ့ ေယဘုယ် သင္ခန္းစာေလာက္နဲ႔ပဲ ထိုင္းဆရာ၀န္ေတြ ေလ့လာခဲ့ၾကရတယ္လို႔ ေလ့လာေတြ႔ရွိရပါတယ္။


                ဒီလိုလိင္အဂၤါခြဲစိတ္ကူးေျပာင္းတဲ့ ပညာရပ္ကို သင္ယူလိုတဲ့ဆရာ၀န္ေတြဟာ ေလ့က်င့္လုပ္ေဆာင္ယင္း ကၽြမ္းက်င္လာခဲ့တဲ့ သမားေတာ္ေတြဆီက တဆင့္ေလ့လာ သင္ယူခဲ့ၾကရပါတယ္။ သီးသန္႔ဘာသာတရပ္အေနနဲ႕ သင္ယူစရာမလိုအပ္ဘူးလို႔ ယန္ဟီး ပုဂလိကေဆးရုံက ေဒါက္တာ ဂရီးခ်တ္ ကဆိုပါတယ္။ ေဆးေက်ာင္းေတြက သင္ခဲ့တဲ့ အေျခခံအခ်က္ေတြကို အေျခခံၿပီး အေတြ႔အႀကဳံရွိတဲ့ သမားေတာ္ေတြဆီက နည္းလမ္းေတြကို ဆည္းပူးၿပီးေတာ့ ကိုယ္တိုင္ေလ့က်င့္ရင္ ရပါတယ္လို႔ သူက ဆက္ေျပာျပပါတယ္။ ေလ့က်င့္ရင္း ေလ့က်င့္ရင္းနဲ ႔ နည္းသစ္ေတြ ထပ္တိုးလာတာပါပဲ။ ခြဲစိတ္တဲ့ဆရာ၀န္ေတြ တေယာက္နဲ႔ တေယာက္ နည္းေတြမတူပါဘူးလို႔ ဆိုပါတယ္။


            သူ႔ရဲ႕ ေျပာဆိုခ်က္ကိုၾကားတာနဲ႕ ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံမွာ လိင္အဂၤါေျပာင္းလဲခြဲစိတ္ဖို႔ စဥ္းစားေနတဲ့သူေတြအဖို႔ ေၾကာထဲက စိမ့္သြားေအာင္ ေၾကာက္သြားႏိုင္ပါတယ္။ ဒါေပမယ့္ ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံ ယာမာသီေဘာဒီ ေဆးရုံက ပါေမာကၡခ်ဳပ္ ေဒါက္တာ ပါရာဂစ္ ကေတာ့ ဒီလိုလိင္အဂၤါခြဲစိတ္မႈေတြဟာ အျခားခြဲစိတ္ကုသမႈ လုပ္တဲ့နည္းလမ္း က်င့္ထုံးေတြနဲ႔ အညီ ေဆးသိပၸံနည္းပညာေတြအတိုင္း တေသြမတိမ္း လုပ္ေဆာင္တာပါဟု ကာကြယ္ေျပာ ဆိုပါတယ္။ တကယ္လို႔ ခြဲစိတ္မႈမွားယြင္းခ်ိဳ႕ယြင္းသြားရင္ ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံ ေဆးပညာေကာင္စီကို စုံစမ္းစစ္ေဆးေပးဖို႔ တိုင္ၾကားႏိုင္သလို ေလွ်ာ္ေၾကးရယူလိုမႈနဲ႕ အမႈဖြင့္တိုင္ၾကားႏိုင္တယ္လို႔ သူကဆိုပါတယ္. ယခုအခ်ိန္အထိေတာ့ ခြဲစိတ္ေျပာင္းလဲမႈရဲ႕ ခၽြတ္ယြင္းမႈကို ထိုင္းနိုင္ငံမွာ လူသိရွင္ၾကား တိုင္ၾကားမႈ မရွိေသးပါဘူး ။


             ဒီလိုအမႈေတြဟာ လုံး၀မရွိေသးတာမဟုတ္ပါဘူး၊ ျဖစ္လာရင္ ျဖစ္ခဲ့တဲ့သူေတြက  တတ္ႏိုင္သမွ်  သူတို႔ ကိုခြဲစိတ္ေပးတဲ့ဆရာ၀န္ေတြနဲ႔ ညိွႏိုင္းေျဖရွင္းလိုက္တဲ့ အျဖစ္ေတြ ေတာ္ေတာ္မ်ားမ်ား ရွီခဲ့ပါတယ္။ ဘာျဖစ္လို႔ ဒိလို ေက်ေအးလိုက္သလဲ ဆိုေတာ့ ခြဲစိတ္ေျပာင္းလဲသူေတြဟာ ေယာက္က်ားအျဖစ္ကေန အမ်ိဳးသမီး လိင္အဂၤါကုိိ ေျပာင္းလဲလိုၾကတဲ့ (ထိုင္းအေခၚ. Katoey) အမ်ိဳးသားမ်ား ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ သူတို႔တေတြကို ထိုင္းလူမႈအသိုင္းအ၀ိုင္းက ဒုတိယတန္းစားလူမ်ိဳးအျဖစ္ (ေယာက်ာ္းဘ၀ကေန မိန္းမအျဖစ္ေျပာင္းထားသူ) တဆင့္နိမ့္ သတ္မွတ္တာ ခံထားရပါတယ္။ စိတ္ဓါတ္ပိုင္းအရ သိမ္ငယ္မႈခံစားေနရတတ္တဲ့ သူတို႔ တေတြဟာ ဘြဲ႕လက္မွတ္ေတြ အေျမာက္အျမား ကိုင္ေဆာင္ထားတဲ့ သမားေတာ္ေတြ နဲ႕ တရားရုံးမွာ ယွဥ္ၿပိဳင္ဖို႔ မ၀ံ့မရဲ ျဖစ္ေနတတ္ပါတယ္။ ေနာက္ၿပီး သူတို႕တေတြက အမႈဖြင့္ရင္ တကယ္တမ္းအေရးတယူေဆာင္ရြက္ေပးပါ့မလား၊ လူမႈဘ၀မွာ ႀကဳံေတြ႕ရမယ့္ အခက္အခဲေတြကိုေရာ ဘယ္လိုေျဖရွင္းမလဲဆိုၿပီး အားငယ္စိုးရိမ္ေနၾကရတဲ့ အတြက္ေၾကာင့္ အမႈေတာ္ေတာ္မ်ားမ်ားဟာ လူသိရွင္ၾကားမျဖစ္ပဲ ကြယ္ေပ်ာက္သြားခဲ့ရပါတယ္။

            တကယ္လို႔သာ အမႈဖြင့္လိုက္ရင္ သတင္းစာေခါင္းႀကီး ပိုင္းေတြကေန ဘယ္ေလာက္မ်ား တဖက္သတ္ နိမ့္ခ်ေရးလိုက္ၾကမလဲဆိုတာ ေတြးေတာင္ မေတြး၀ံ့ဘူးလို႔ လိင္အဂၤါ ခြဲစိတ္ထားသူ တေယာက္က ေျပာပါတယ္။ ဆရာ၀န္တေယာက္ရဲ႕ အဆိုအရ ခြဲစိတ္ကုသမႈ မေကာင္းလို႔ ျပန္လည္ခြဲစိတ္လိုတဲ့လူနာေတြ သူ႔ဆီကို ေတာ္ေတာ္မ်ားမ်ားေရာက္လာ ေၾကာင္းသိရတယ္။ တခ်ိဳ႕ကေတာ့ ေခတ္မီနည္းစနစ္ေတြ မသုံးခင္ကတည္းက ခြဲစိတ္တာကို ျပန္ျပင္ခ်င္လို႔ ျဖစ္ၿပီး တခ်ိဳ႕ ကေတာ့ ေဒါက္တာရန္းကုေတြ က လက္လြတ္စပယ္ခြဲစိတ္လိုက္လို႔ ဒုကၡေရာက္ခဲ့ၾကရသူေတြ ျဖစ္ၾကရပါတယ္။ ဘာျဖစ္လို႔ ေဒါက္တာရန္းကုေတြဆီမွာ ခြဲစိတ္ကုသဖို႔ သြားၾကသလဲဆိုတာကို ဆန္းစစ္ၾကည့္ေတာ့ ခြဲစိတ္ခဟာ အဆမတန္ သက္သာတာေၾကာင့္ တန္းစီေစာင့္ဆိုင္းစရာမလိုတာေၾကာင့္ ျဖစ္တယ္လို႔ အမ်ားက ေျပာၾကားၾကပါတယ္။


         အမွန္တကယ္ေတာ့ လိင္အဂၤါေျပာင္းလဲခြဲစိတ္မႈဟာ အမ်ိဳးသားတေယာက္ကေန အမ်ိဳးသမီးတေယာက္အျဖစ္ ေျပာင္းလဲဖို႔ အတြက္ လုပ္ေဆာင္ရမယ့္ ႏွစ္နဲ႕ ခ်ီၿပီးေတာ့ၾကာတဲ့ လုပ္ငန္းအဆင့္ဆင့္ရဲ႕ ေနာက္ဆုံးအဆင့္ပဲျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ဒါမ်ိဳးမလုပ္ခင္ ကိုယ့္ရဲ႕ ဟိုမုန္းေတြ ေျပာင္းလဲလာေအာင္လုပ္ေဆာင္တာတို႔ ၊ ရင္သားျပဳျပင္တာတို႔ ၊ ကိုယ္ခႏၵာ ပုံစံေျပာင္းလဲေအာင္ လုပ္ေဆာင္ရတာတို႔ စလုတ္ေပ်ာက္ေအာင္လုပ္ေဆာင္ရတာတို႔ အဆင့္ဆင့္ရွိပါတယ္။ ဒီလိုအဆင့္ အမ်ိဳးမ်ိဳးအတြက္ ကုန္က်ေငြဟာ ထိုင္းဘတ္သိန္းငါးဆယ္္ေလာက္ ကုန္က်ပါလိမ့္မယ္။

ကၽြမ္းက်င္မႈမရွိတဲ့ ေဒါက္တာရန္းကုေတြနဲ႔ လိင္အဂၤါေျပာင္းလဲခြဲစိတ္ၾကတဲ့အခါ ခြဲစိတ္တာမလုပ္ခင္လိုအပ္တဲ့ တိုင္ပင္အႀကံေပးမႈေတြ၊ ေျပာင္းလဲမဲ့သူရဲ႕ စိတ္ပိုင္း ဆိုင္ရာအဆင္သင့္ျဖစ္၊မျဖစ္ စိတ္ပိုင္းဆိုင္ရာစမ္းသပ္စစ္ေဆးမႈေတြ လုပ္ကိုင္ မေနေတာ့ပါဘူး။ ေငြရွိရင္ ခြဲစိတ္ေျပာင္းလဲမႈကို ခ်က္ခ်င္းလုပ္ေဆာင္ေပး လိုက္တာပါပဲ။


       အစိုးရေဆးရုံေတြျဖစ္တဲ့ ခ်ဴလာေလာင္ကြန္းတကၠသိုလ္လို ေနရာမ်ိဳးမွာေတာ့ ေသေသခ်ာခ်ာေကာင္းမြန္တဲ့အဆင့္မ်ိဳး လုပ္ေဆာင္ေပမယ့္ ခြဲစိတ္ဖို႔အတြက္ ႏွစ္နဲ႕ ခ်ီၿပီး တန္းစီေစာင့္ဆိုင္းရပါတယ္။ တခ်ိဳ႕ေဆးရုံမ်ိဳးေတြမွာ ကုန္က်ေငြက ဘတ္ (၃၅၀၀၀)ေလာက္ျဖစ္ၿပီး အလတ္တန္းစား ေဆးရုံမ်ိဳးျဖစ္တဲ့ ယန္ဟီးေဆးရုံမ်ိဳးမွာေတာ့ ကုန္က်ေငြဟာ အနည္းဆုံး ဘတ္(၈၂၀၀၀) က်ပါလိမ့္မယ္။ အဆင့္ျမင့္ေဆးရုံမွာဆိုရင္ေတာ့ သုံးရက္ကေန ငါးရက္ ေဆးရုံ တက္စရိတ္အပါအ၀င္ ကုန္က်ေငြ တသိန္းခြဲေလာက္က်ပါတယ္။


    အဆင့္ျမင့္ေဆး ရုံေတြမွာ တက္မဲ့ႏုိင္ငံျခားသားေတြအတြက္ကေတာ့ အေမရိကန္ေဒၚလာေငြ ေပါင္း (၅၀၀၀) က်ပါလိမ့္မယ္။ ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံမွာရွိတဲ့ လိင္အဂၤါေျပာင္းလဲခြဲစိတ္တဲ့ စာရင္း ေတြကို သမားေတာ္စာရင္းေတြကို အင္တာနက္ကေန အလြယ္တကူ ရွာေဖြႏိုင္ပါတယ္။  တခ်ိဳ႕သမားေတာ္ေတြဟာ တလတလကို ထိုင္းေရာ ႏိုင္ငံျခား သားေတြေကာ ပွ်မ္းမွ် ေလးေယာက္ ငါးေယာက္ေလာက္ ပုံမွန္ခြဲစိတ္ေျပာင္းလဲေပးရ တယ္လို႔ သိရပါတယ္။ အမ်ားစုကေတာ့ အမ်ိဳးသားအျဖစ္ကေန အမ်ိဳးသမီးအျဖစ္ ေျပာင္းလဲခြဲစိတ္တာျဖစ္ၿပီး အမ်ိဳးသမီးအျဖစ္ကေန အမ်ိုးသားအျဖစ္ ေျပာင္းလဲတဲ့ နည္းကေတာ့ ဒီေလာက္မရွိပဲ ဩစေတးလွ်နဲ႕ အေမရိကန္ႏိုင္ငံတို႔မွာ ပိုမိုေခတ္မီ တိုးတက္ေနပါတယ္။ သမားေတာ္ေတြရဲ႕ အဆိုအရ လိင္အဂၤါခြဲစိတ္မေျပာင္းလဲခင္ ေျပာင္းလဲမဲ့သူဟာ ေအာက္ပါစံခ်ိန္စံညြန္းမ်ားနွင့္ ကိုက္ညီဖို႔ လိုအပ္ပါတယ္။

          ဒါေတြကေတာ့ ဒီလူဟာ မခြဲစိတ္ခင္ တႏွစ္အနည္းဆုံး အမ်ိဳးသမီး၀တ္စုံကို ၀တ္ဆင္သူ ျဖစ္ရပါမယ္။ အမ်ိဳးသမီး ေဟာ္မုန္းကို ေျခာက္လသုံးစြဲသူျဖစ္ရပါမယ္။ အမ်ိဳးသားလိင္အဂၤါကိုစြန္႔ပစ္ဖို႔အတြက္ ဒုန္းဒုန္းခ် စိတ္ပိုင္းျဖတ္ထားသူ ျဖစ္ရပါမယ္။ စိတ္ပိုင္းဆိုင္ရာ အေျခအေန တည္ၿငိမ္ရင့္က်က္သူ ျဖစ္ရပါမယ္။ ခြဲစိတ္မယ့္သူဟာ ကာယကံရွင္ကိုယ္တိုင္သာ ျဖစ္ရပါမယ္။

          ဒီကိစၥႏွင့္ပတ္သက္လို႔ အမ်ားဆုံးေမးၾကတဲ့ေမးခြန္းကေတာ့ ခြဲစိတ္မႈလုပ္ၿပီးရင္ ၾကည့္ေကာင္းပါ့မလားဆိုတဲ့ ေမးခြန္းရယ္၊ ေျပာင္းလဲၿပီးရင္ လိင္စိတ္ခံစားမႈ အထြတ္အထိပ္ေရာက္ပါ့မလားဆိုတဲ့ ေမးခြန္းေတြ ျဖစ္ၾကပါတယ္။ ပထမေမးခြန္းကေတာ့ ၾကည့္ေကာင္းပါလိမ့္မယ္လို႔ သမားေတာ္ေတြက ေျဖဆို ေပမယ့္  ဒုတိယေမးခြန္းကိုေတာ့ ျဖစ္ေကာင္းျဖစ္ႏိုင္ပါလိမ့္မယ္လို႔ ဆိုပါတယ္။ ဘာျဖစ္လို႔လဲဆိုေတာ့ လိင္စိတ္ခံစားမႈ အထြတ္အထိပ္ေရာက္တယ္ဆိုတာဟာ တဦးတေယာက္ခ်င္းရဲ႕ စိတ္အေျခအေနေပၚမွာလည္း မူတည္လို႔ျဖစ္တယ္လို႔ ဆိုပါတယ္။



Ref:( 1 ) http://www.thaipulse.com/thai-people/thai-ladyboys-katoey.htm
      ( 2 ) http://www.suite101.com/content/castration-of-young-men-forbidden-in-thailand-a63742
      ( 3 ) http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2010/03/atrazine-and-disease/

had the good fortune of being able to spend some time with a friend in Phuket that was an American transplant living in Patong for a couple years before I arrived. He did some photography of Thai ladyboys, called "katoey" or "katoys" by Thais' for his own enjoyment and as a result he knew just about ALL of them in Patong. This was my first experience with spending time with someone that didn't fit into the traditional male-female dichotomy.

          

Atrazine is receiving lots of attention for turning male frogs into girls, but that's not all the common herbicide can do. It also weakens amphibian immune systems, leaving the fragile creatures vulnerable to disease.

Though less obvious than gender bending, immunosuppression could also play a part in the worldwide decline of amphibians, which have porous skin and easily absorb chemicals from rain, groundwater and even water vapor.

"Numerous studies have documented the effects of environmental pollutants on the amphibian immune system. Nearly all of these studies suggest that amphibians are particularly sensitive," wrote Tyrone Hayes, a University of California, Berkeley biologist, in a paper published in the March 15 Journal of Experimental Biology. "In particular, the widespread herbicide atrazine impairs immune function and increases disease rates."

 

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Ladyboys (Thais' say "katoey") pronounced like "katoy" but the k is almost like a g-sound, are guys that dress up as women. In America we'd call them cross-dressers or shemales or transvestites. Most of them still have their male anatomy, though the procedure to remove it is widely available in Bangkok and a discount job could be had for 100,000 baht. A good job would be about twice that much. Ladyboys with well-off boyfriends frequently get the operation. As a result they end up having a fully 'working' set of female part s, but of course they cannot become pregnant (yet!).

Ladyboys (Katoeys in Thai) who seek castration in Thailand, will no longer be able to have this cosmetic procedure performed legally, if they are under 16.



Thailand's recent ban on sex-change operations for boys under 16 years has, once again, brought the whole Thai sex scene into prominence. Hospitals and clinics are now barred from castrating would be "ladyboys" - "katoeys" to give them their Thai name. It was feared that the operation was being seen as a cheap and quick alternative to a full sex-change.

In letters to private health units doctors have been told that such operations performed outside formal sex-change therapy, would result in up to six months in jail. Policing this ban may be difficult as cosmetic removal of the testicles takes no longer than 15-20 minutes surgery, and is easy to conduct in secret. At the lower end of the market, Internet advertisements offer castration at clinics for as little as 4,000 baht ($125, £62.50).

           

Hayes is also an author of a March 1 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences study on the developmental changes wrought in male frogs by groundwater atrazine concentrations regularly found in the United States, where approximately 80 million pounds of the herbicide are used every year. The frogs had low levels of sperm and testosterone; some even produced estrogen, developed female reproductive organs and were ultimately impregnated by their former gender mates.

The findings are disturbing, but atrazine's effects don't end there. As described in the JEB paper, a large body of scientific literature describes how atrazine drives down white cell counts and turns off immune system-regulating genes. Atrazine also suppresses immune function in snails, which often carry amphibian-infesting parasites, and feeds the algae on which snails live.

It's a perfect storm of infection: atrazine makes amphibians more vulnerable to disease, and carriers of disease more common.

The best-known amphibian killer, the chytrid fungus, has killed 95 percent of all frogs in Colombia and Panama, and driven 30 species in the Atelopus genus to extinction — and it was only identified in 1993. However, according to Hayes, chytrid is only the most apparent amphibian affliction. Others may go unnoticed because they don't kill the fragile creatures, but damage their health just enough to prevent populations from sustaining themselves. About 70 percent of amphibian populations around the world are now in decline.

Atrazine, which is scheduled for review by the Environmental Protection Agency after being declared safe by the Bush-era EPA, isn't the only potential chemical culprit. Many common pesticides and herbicides have also been linked to amphibian immune malfunction. But as bad as other chemicals may be, Hayes considers atrazine — which can travel up to 600 miles in groundwater — the worst.

"It's so common, so mobile and persistent, and so active at low levels," he said. "But there may be chemicals out there just as bad, only we don't have data on them."

I'll not get into what 'working' versus non-working is... but I've seen some good katoey sex-change jobs and some not so good.  The not so good are quite scary. The good - well, it would be IMPOSSIBLE for you to tell by just looking.  There are bars in Patong - another friend owns one, where the girls dancing half naked, and sometimes fully naked on the stage are katoey that have had the surgery. The owner swears that some guys barfine these 'girls' take them back to their room for some overnight activities and then come back in a few days and do that same thing. They haven't a clue - and I could believe that.

Ladyboys might start taking hormones at an early age to foster development of breasts. They can grow breasts almost as big as Thai girls - which isn't saying that much - but still, it's something. They "work" too. They can lactate. You might just be squirted in the face at "Soi Katoey" in Patong if you're not careful. No joke. In addition to taking the estrogen some get breast jobs. Again, the quality ranges from bad to great. Some look as good as any woman's breast job.

Ladyboys stick together. They walk together, work together, room together, do everything together. There are ladyboys that act as men with other ladyboys and there are those that are very, very feminine.  There are ladyboy bars in Patong where only ladyboys are found. There are ladyboy cabaret shows in even small towns - Ubon Ratchathani has one nightly at "The Rock" in the Nevada Hotel on the main road (Chayangkun).

Thai katoey ladyboys can be nice and sweet or they can be loud, obnoxious, rough and abusive. They are men and often times they are not afraid to fight if they are hurt or upset because they've been fighting much of their lives. If you try to cheat one you might find her violent.  Ladyboys can speak English generally better than Thai girls for some reason. Perhaps they feel they need to in order to be able to change their voices to a high-voice to fool some of the men.


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          တကယ္ေတာ့ HIV ပိုးရွိတဲ့သူနဲ႔ တအိမ္ထဲ ေနရတာဟာ ပိုးမရွိသူနဲ႔ ေနရတာနဲ႔က ဘာမွ သိပ္မထူးလွပါ။ ဒီအခ်က္ကို The Body: The Complete HIV Resource သုေတသနက ေျပာတာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ပံုမွန္-သာမန္ ထိေတြ႔မႈေတြ ေၾကာင့္ေတာ့ ဒီေရာဂါပိုး ကူးတယ္ဆိုတာ မရွိဘူး ေျပာရေလာက္ေအာင္ စိုးရိမ္စရာ ကင္းပါတယ္။

           ဒါေပမဲ့ အရမ္းကာေရာေတာ့ မဟုတ္ဘူး။ တကယ္မကူးေအာင္ Communication အခ်င္းခ်င္း ဆက္သြယ္မႈ နဲ႔ Education အသိပညာေတြက ေသာ့ခ်က္ေတြ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ သံမဏိစည္းကမ္း ၁ ကေန ၅ အထိ ေျပာပါမယ္။

၁။ အေျခအေနမွန္ကို ရွင္းရွင္း သိေနၾကေအာင္ ပြင့္ပြင့္လင္းလင္း ေျပာပါ။ စိုးရိမ္တာ ရွိသမွ် ထုတ္ေျပာပါ။ တေယာက္ အေပၚ တေယာက္ ရိုးသားပါ။ ကုိယ္ထင္တာကို တရားသူၾကီးလုပ္ ဆံုးျဖတ္ခ်က္ မခ်ပါနဲ႔။
၂။ အေၾကာက္ မလြန္ပါနဲ႔။ မီးဖိုနဲ႔ အိမ္သာ အတူသံုးရတာနဲ႔ ပိုးက ကိုယ့္ဆီ ကူးမလာႏိုင္ပါ။ အတူေနေလ့ရွိၾကတဲ့ ညီအကိုလို၊ ေမာင္ႏွမလို၊ သားအမိ-သားအဖလို၊ အခန္းကို (ရွယ္) လုပ္ေနေလ့ရွိတဲ့ သူငယ္ခ်င္းလို ေနၾကတာက စိုးရိမ္စရာ နတၳိပါ။
၃။ HIV အေၾကာင္း က်န္းမာေရး-လူမႈေရး သုတေတာ့ ေလ့လာထားပါ။ တိတိပပ ေျပာပါ့မယ္၊ "ေသြး၊ မိခင္ႏို႔၊ က်ား-သုတ္ရည္၊ မ-ဗဂ်ိဳင္းနားက အရည္၊ " ဤေလးမည္ကေနသာ ကူးပါတယ္။ လက္ျခင္းထိ၊ ပါးျခင္းအပ္၊ ေက်ာျခင္းကပ္ယံုနဲ႔ လံုး၀မကူးပါ။ သြားထိလို႔ ဓါတ္လိုက္မွာလား ေၾကာက္စရာ မထားပါနဲ႔။ စာအတူ ဖတ္ပါ၊ တီဗြီအတူ ထိုင္ၾကည့္ပါ။ ထမင္း တစားပြဲထဲ ထိုင္စားပါ။ ေညာင္းလို႔ ႏွိပ္နင္းေပးလဲ ေရာဂါ မရပါ၊ ကုသိုလ္သာ ရပါမယ္။
၄။ စည္းကမ္း-ကလနား သတ္မွတ္ထားပါ။ ကုိယ့္ပစၥည္း လာသံုးတာကို အျပတ္ျငင္းပါ၊ အားမနာပါနဲ႔။ ေဆာရီး ေလာက္နဲ႔ မရပါ။ ပိုးရွိသူကေန ခ်တဲ့ စည္းကမ္းကိုလည္း တျခားလူေတြက လိုက္နာၾကပါ။
၅။ သူ႔ အတြင္းေရး-လံုျခံဳမႈကို ေလးစားပါ။ တစိမ္းတရံေတြကို "သူကေရာဂါသည္" လို႔ မလိုအပ္ဘဲနဲ႔၊ ႏွိမ္ခ်င္တဲ့သေဘာနဲ႔ မေျပာပါနဲ႔။



             HIV ပိုးရွိေနတဲ့ ကိုယ္၀န္ေဆာင္ မိခင္ကေန ေမြးလာမဲ့ ကေလးကို ကူးစက္ႏိုင္တဲ့ အခြင့္အလမ္း ၂၀-၄၅% ရွိတယ္။ ကူးႏိုင္တဲ့ နည္းေတြက (၁) ကိုယ္၀န္ေဆာင္ေနတံုး၊ (၂) ေမြးဖြါးျဖစ္စဥ္ ျဖစ္ေနတံုး နဲ႔ (၃) ႏို႔တိုက္ေနတံုး၊ သံုးခုလံုးကေန ျဖစ္ႏိုင္တယ္။ "ႏိုင္" ေျပာတာပါ။ သက္သာေအာင္ လုပ္နည္း ရွိပါေသးတယ္။ ကိုယ္၀န္ေဆာင္ေနတံုး အခ်င္းကေန သေႏၶသားဆီ မ်ားေသာအားျဖင့္ မေရာက္ပါ။ မိခင္က က်န္းမာေရး ေကာင္းေနရင္ အခ်င္းက အကာကြယ္ ေပးရာေတာင္ က်ေသးတယ္။ ဒါ့ေၾကာင့္ (၁) မိခင္ေလာင္းက အစာအာဟာရ ေကာင္းဘို႔လိုတယ္။ (၂) တျခားေရာဂါ (ငွက္ဖ်ား၊ တီဘီ၊ ဆီးေအာင့္၊) မ၀င္ေအာင္ ဂရုစိုက္ရမယ္။ (၃) မိခင္က HIV ေဆးကုေနရင္ ကေလးကို ကူးစရာအခြင့္အလမ္း ၂% ဘဲ ရွိလို႔ ေဆးကုေနပါ။

             အေမရိကားမွာ Zidovudine (ZDV, AZT, Retrovir®) ေဆးကို စသံုးခဲ့တယ္။ အခု တျခားေဆးနဲ႔ တြဲေပးေနတယ္။ ZDV ေဆးကို ကိုယ္၀န္ ၃ လေနာက္ပိုင္းမွာ ေပးရတယ္။ ေမြးျပီးတဲ့အထိပါ။ ဘာ အကာအကြယ္မွ လုပ္မထားရင္ ကေလး ဖြါးေနတံုးမွာ မိခင္ကေန ကေလးကူးဘို႔ ၁၀-၂၀% ရွိတယ္။ ေသြးနဲ႔ ေရျမႊာရည္နဲ႔ ထိရင္ ကူးတယ္။ ဒါ့ေၾကာင့္ ဆရာ၀န္-ဆရာမကေန ေရျမႊာအိတ္ကို ေစာျပီးေဖါက္ ေမြးမေပးရဘူး။ ေမြးလမ္းခ်ဲ႕ ေမြးတာလည္း ေရွာင္ရမယ္။ LSCS ခြဲေမြးနည္းက ကူးစရာလမ္း နည္းေစတယ္။ အရင္က ေဆးေပးမထားရေသးရင္ ေမြးေတာ့မဲ့ အခ်ိန္မွာ ZDV နဲ႔ 3TC or Nevirapine ေဆး ေပးရတယ္။

           ေမြးျပီးတာနဲ႔ ကေလးကိုလည္း ZDV ေဆး ၁ လခြဲအထိ ေပးရမယ္။ ပိုးရွိမိခင္က ႏို႔တိုက္လို႔ ကေလးကူးရတာ ၁၅% ရွိတယ္။ ႏို႔ေစာေစာ ျဖတ္သင့္တယ္။ ႏို႔မတိုက္ေလ ကူးဘို႔အခြင့္ နည္းေလ။ မၾကာေသးခင္ကဘဲ HIV ပိုးရွိသူ မိခင္ေတြက ႏို႔တိုက္တာကို WHO က တားျမစ္ လိုက္ပါတယ္။ မေအကို ေဆးကုသမႈခံဘို႔နဲ႔ ကေလးမွာ ေရာဂါပိုး ရွိ-မရွိ ေစာႏိုင္သမွ် ေစာျပီး (၆ ပတ္အတြင္း) ေဆးစစ္ဘို႔ပါ အၾကံျပဳတယ္။ ကေလးက ေရာဂါပိုးရွိလို႔ ေစာေစာ ေဆးမကုရင္ ၂ ႏွစ္ထက္ အသက္ မရွည္ဘူးလဲ ဆိုပါတယ္။

          တအိမ္သားလံုး ပိုးရွိ-မရွိ စစ္ပါ။ ပိုးရွိေနသူရဲ႕ ႏွာရည္၊ သြားရည္၊ ၀မ္း၊ ဆီး၊ တံေတြး၊ ေခြ်း၊ အန္ဖတ္ေတြမွာ ေသြးမပါရင္ မကူးေစပါ။ တအိမ္လံုး လက္အိတ္ သံုးပါ။ ပိုးရွိသူမွာ အနာအဆာ၊ ဒဏ္ရာရရင္ အျမဲ ပလာစတာ-ပတ္တီးစည္းထားပါ။ လူတိုင္းက လက္ေဆးတဲ့ အက်င့္ လုပ္ၾကပါ။ ပိုးမရွိတဲ့သူ ဒဏ္ရာရရင္ အထူးဂရုစိုက္ပါ။ ပိုးမရွိတဲ့သူ ေနထိုင္မေကာင္း ျဖစ္ရင္ ရွိသူနဲ႔ အေနေ၀းပါေစ။ သြားတိုက္တံ၊ သြားၾကားထိုးတံ၊ မုတ္ဆိတ္ရိတ္ဒါး၊ လက္သည္းညွပ္၊ နားကပ္၊ စတာေတြ လံုး၀ လဲတာ၊ ငွားသံုးတာ၊ အတူသံုးတာ မလုပ္ရပါ။ ေသြးထြက္ႏိုင္တဲ့ ေဆာ့ကစားတာမ်ိဳး ေရွာင္ပါ။ ကြန္ျပဴတာ-ဂိမ္း ကစားလို႔ေတာ့ ရပါတယ္။ မိခင္နဲ႔ ကေလး လက္ပြန္းတတီး ေနယံုနဲ႔ေတာ့ ေရာဂါမရပါ။ ကေလးခ်စ္လို႔ ေမႊးေမႊး မ်ားမ်ား ေပးႏိုင္ပါတယ္။

           ပိုးရွိထားသူေတြ ႏိုင္ငံလွည့္ျပီး၊ ကမာၻလွည့္ျပီး၊ ေရာဂါကာကြယ္ေရး အသိေပးသူေတြ မနည္းေတာ့ပါ။ ဒီလို အမ်ိဳးအစား ေရာဂါက ဆရာ၀န္မွ မဟုတ္ပါ၊ အလြန္ေတာ္တဲ့၊ အင္မတန္ စိတ္ထားျမင့္တဲ့ "ဆိုရွယ္-၀ပ္ကား" ေတြ ျဖစ္ႏိုင္ၾကပါတယ္။

How to Live With an HIV-Positive Person

Live With an  HIV-Positive Person
Live With an HIV-Positive Person

Living with an HIV-positive person is no more risky than having an HIV-negative roommate, according to researchers at The Body: The Complete HIV Resource. There is almost no risk of transmitting the virus from one household member to another through casual contact. Communication and education are the keys to a positive living situation. The following tips can help you learn to live with an HIV-positive partner.

From Essentials: 
Difficulty: Easy

Instructions

  1. 1

    Communicate openly about the situation. Get all of your concerns and questions out into the open before signing the lease. Be honest and non-judgmental when discussing your roommate's status and your risk of infection.

  2. 2

    Don't be afraid to share. You will not get HIV by using the same bathroom, eating from the same fork, drinking from the same container or sharing the same foods. These myths are fueled by misinformation and fear. Your daily routine doesn't have to change based on your roommate's status.

  3. 3

    Know the facts about getting HIV. Transmission only occurs through the exchange of blood, semen, breast milk and vaginal fluid. Casual contact like hugging and sitting together on the couch are not ways you can get HIV. Don't be afraid to touch your roommate.

  4. 4

    Set ground rules. If you're uncomfortable with your roommate using one of your personal items, say so. Your roommate may also have his own ideas about boundaries and personal property. These apply to all roommate situations, but can be especially helpful when one party is HIV-positive.

  5. 5

    Respect your roommate's privacy. This means not discussing his HIV-positive status with your visitors. If it's already known that your roommate is positive, educate your friends and family about how HIV is transmitted and explain to them they they are not at risk by spending time in your home.

Tips & Warnings

  • Remember, your roommate is a person, not a disease.




Let's begin by saying that there's no way for a sexually active person to be 100 percent "sure" that s/he is safe from HIV. But, there are many ways to make one's risk low, or even negligible, even for an HIV-negative person in a relationship with someone who is HIV-positive.

Several studies have been done on relationships similar to yours, where one partner is HIV-positive and the other negative (a.k.a., mixed status or HIV-discordant couples). A study published in 1994 in The New England Journal of Medicine looked at 256 heterosexual mixed status couples. Of the 124 couples that consistently used condoms, none of the HIV-negative partners were infected. Among the 121 couples that did not consistently use condoms, 12 (about 10 percent) of the HIV-negative partners became infected. Additional studies found similar results.

Consistent and correct condom usage is the key to lowering the risk of HIV transmission in mixed status couples, whatever their sexuality. Condoms are highly effective in preventing the transmission of HIV, but sometimes fail. Those failures are most often due to incorrect usage or user error. To reduce condom failure:

  • Use water-based lubes, never oil-based ones such as petroleum jelly, cooking oil or shortening, or hand-lotion — they can weaken the latex.
  • Keep condoms away from heat or direct sunlight.
  • Check the expiration dates printed on the package. Condoms that are too old or expired, or have packaging that appears to be weathered or deflated, need to be thrown away.
  • Carefully open the condom with your fingers, trying not to tear it with your fingernails (or teeth).

The studies mentioned above dealt with condom usage for vaginal and anal intercourse, not oral sex. Read HIV transmission from receiving oral sex? in Alice's Sexual Health archive to help decide what kind of steps you and your partner can take to reduce your risk during oral sex.

Relationships pose challenges, and being in one with an HIV-positive partner poses unique issues beyond safer sex that you might not have had to think about in your previous relationships. It may be interesting to take a look at The Couples Project, an initiative from the Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies at the New York State Psychiatric Institute, where you'll find articles, FAQs, and a question and answer forum for mixed status couples.
Ref: How to Live With an HIV-Positive Person | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/how_5108822_live-hivpositive-person.html#ixzz0ypCWDvAf
       and Dr Tint Swe

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ေယာက္်ားေလးႏွင့္မိန္းခေလး အရြယ္ေရာက္ပံု ကြာျခားခ်က္မ်ား....
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ေယာက္်ားေလးႏွင့္မိန္းခေလး အရြယ္ေရာက္ပံု ကြာျခားခ်က္မ်ား....




လူပ်ိဳျဖစ္လာတာ အပ်ိဳျဖစ္လာတာ အားလံုး "ေဟာ္မုန္း" ပါဘဲ။ က်ား-ေဟာ္မုန္းကို Testosterone ေခၚျပီး၊ မ-ေဟာ္မုန္းကို Estrogen ေခၚတယ္။ က်ားရယ္၊ မရယ္ ေခၚေပမဲ့ လိင္ေဟာ္မုန္း ႏွစ္မ်ိဳးလံုး ရွိၾကတယ္။

အသက္ ၁၀ ႏွစ္ကေန ၁၈ ႏွစ္အတြင္းမွာ လူပ်ိဳေပါက္ျဖစ္စဥ္ေတြ ျဖစ္လာတယ္။ အရပ္ရွည္၊ လူထြားလာခ်ိန္မွာ ဦးေႏွာက္က အထာ မက်ေသးတဲ့ အေတြ႔အၾကံဳမ်ိဳး ခံစားရတယ္။ စိတ္ပိုင္းအေျပာင္းအလဲမွာ Aggressive ၾကမ္းတမ္းစိတ္လဲ ျဖစ္လာတယ္။ ရန္ျဖစ္ခ်င္လာတယ္။

၁၀-၁၁ ႏွစ္ အရြယ္။ စိတ္ပိုင္းမွာ ေျပာင္းလဲလာတယ္။ လိင္ေဟာ္မုန္းေတြ မ်ားလာတာမို႔ လိင္စိတ္ေတြ ျဖစ္လာတယ္။ ဆန္႔က်င္ဘက္ လိင္နဲ႔ စကားေျပာရတာကို ငယ္ငယ္ကလို မဟုတ္ေတာ့ဘဲ စကားေျပာ မထြက္တာမ်ိဳး ျဖစ္တတ္တယ္။

၁၁-၁၂ ႏွစ္အရြယ္။ က်ားအစိ Testis က ျမန္ျမန္ ၾကီးလာမယ္။ ကပ္ပဲ့အိပ္ Scrotum ပါးလာျပီး၊ ပိုလည္း ရံႈ႕တြကာ၊ အေရာင္ပါ ရင့္လာမယ္။ ေအာက္ကို တြဲက်လာမယ္။ ဒီလိုျဖစ္တာ ေဟာ္မုန္းထြက္ဘို႔ အားေပးရာက်တယ္။ ဆီးစပ္ေမႊး Pubic hair စေပါက္ျပီး၊ တေျဖးေျဖး ႏု-ေျဖာင့္ရာကေန၊ ၾကမ္းျပီး၊ ေကာက္ေကြးလာမယ္။ က်ားအဂၤါ Penis က သန္မာမႈ Erection ျဖစ္ႏိုင္လာမယ္။ တခ်ိဳ႕မွာ တေန႔ထဲ အၾကိမ္ ၂၀ ေလာက္အထိ ျဖစ္တယ္။ လိင္နဲ႔ ပါတ္သက္မွ မဟုတ္ဘဲလည္း အဲလို ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ဥပမာ မနက္ အိပ္ရာထခ်ိန္ ဆီးအိမ္ တင္းေနရင္ ျဖစ္တယ္။ Morning wood ေခၚၾကတယ္။

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၁၂-၁၃ ႏွစ္အရြယ္။ က်ားအဂၤါ၊ အစိ၊ အိတ္ ပိုရွည္၊ ပိုၾကီး၊ ပိုမဲလာတယ္။ ဆီးစပ္ေမႊး ပိုမ်ားလာမယ္။ အစိတခုက တခုထက္ ေအာက္ပိုက် ေနတတ္တယ္။ ဒါေကာင္းပါတယ္၊ သူတို႔ အခ်င္းခ်င္း သိပ္မထိခိုက္ဘူးေပါ့။ ေခြ်းထြက္တာလည္း အဆီ ျပန္သလို ျဖစ္လာတယ္။ ၀က္ျခံေပါက္မယ္။ ခ်ိဳင္းေမႊး ေပါက္လာတယ္။ ခ်ိဳင္းေမႊး ရွိေနသူဟာ မရွိတဲ့လူထက္ ေခြ်းထြက္တာ အဆ ၃၀ မ်ားတယ္။ ငယ္တံုးကထက္ သန္႔ရွင္းေရး ပိုလုပ္ဘို႔ လိုလာတယ္။ အထူးသျဖင့္ က်ားအဂၤါအဖံုး အေရျပား ေအာက္မွာ အညစ္အေၾကးေတြ ကပ္ေနတာကို အသာအယာ ရွင္းေပးရမယ္။ ကိုယ္နံ႔လဲ ေျပာင္းလာတယ္။ အနံ႔ကေန ဆန႔္က်င္ဘက္ လိင္ကို ဆြဲေဆာင္ေစႏိုင္တယ္။ Ejaculation သုတ္ထြက္ ႏိုင္လာမယ္။ Masturbation ကိုယ့္ဖါသာ အာသာ ေျဖေဖ်ာက္နည္း အေလ့အထ တတ္လာ၊ လုပ္လာမယ္။ သုတ္လႊတ္ ႏိုင္တာဟာ Fertility အရြယ္ရွိ မိန္းမနဲ႔ ဆက္ဆံရင္ ကိုယ္၀န္ ရေစႏိုင္စြမ္းပါ ရလာတာ ျဖစ္တယ္။

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၁၃-၁၄ ႏွစ္အရြယ္။ တႏွစ္ကို အရပ္က ၄ လကၼႏံႈးနဲ႔ ပိုရွည္လာမယ္။ လိင္အဂၤါက ပိုရွည္၊ ပိုထြားလာမယ္။ Glans penis ကြမ္းသီးေခါင္း ကလည္း ရွည္လာမယ္။ ကားလာတယ္။

၁၄-၁၅ ႏွစ္အရြယ္။ အသံၾသလာမယ္။ အားကစားလို ျပိဳင္ဆိုင္မႈလုပ္တာက က်ားေဟာ္မုန္းထြက္မွာကို အားေပးရာ က်တယ္။ ကုိယ့္ကို ခ်ီးမြမ္း အားေပးတာခံရရင္ ၾကက္သီးထတတ္လာမယ္။ ပိုျပီး ရွက္တတ္လာတယ္။

၁၅-၁၈ ႏွစ္အရြယ္။ ေစာေစာပိုင္း ႏွစ္ေတြကလို ၾကီး-ထြား-ရွည္ စတဲ့ တိုးတက္မႈေတြက ႏံႈးအရ ေျပာရရင္ နဲနဲ ေႏွးလာမယ္။ ရြယ္တူ မိန္းကေလးေတြ ထက္ေတာ့ ပိုၾကာတယ္။ ၾကြက္သားေတြ ပိုသန္လာမယ္။ ပခံုး ပိုက်ယ္လာမယ္။ က်ားလိင္အဂၤါ အားလံုး လူၾကီးျဖစ္လာပါျပီ။ လိင္တံက ရိုးရိုးအခ်ိန္မွာ ၃႕၂၅ လကၼကေန ၄႕၂၅ လကၼရွိျပီး၊ ေတာင့္တင္းခ်ိန္မွာ ၅-၆-၇ လကၼအထိ ရွည္ႏိုင္လာမယ္။



အသက္ ၂၀ ၀န္းက်င္။ ၁ စကၠန္႔မွာ သုတ္ပိုး ၁၀၀၀ ထုတ္ႏိုင္တယ္။ က်ားအဂၤါဟာ အရြယ္ရလာနဲ႔အမွ် ပိုၾကီးလာႏိုင္တယ္။ ဘာ့လို႔လဲဆိုရင္ Erectile tissues ေတြရဲ႕ ျပန္ၾကံဳ႕ႏိုင္စြမ္း Recoiling strength ေလွ်ာ့လာလို႔ဘဲ။ အေမႊးအမွ်င္လည္း ပိုမ်ားလာတယ္။ ေဟာ္မုန္းေတြဟာ ေနရာအမ်ားၾကီးမွာ အလုပ္လုပ္ေပးတာျဖစ္တယ္။ ဦးေႏွာက္၊ အရိုး၊ ၾကြက္သား၊ အေရျပား၊ ရင္သား၊ မ်ိဳးပြါးအဂၤါေတြ ပါ၀င္တယ္။ ၾကီးထြားမႈဆိုတာ လူပ်ိဳေပါက္ျဖစ္ရင္ ျပည့္စံုသြားတယ္လို႔ ေျပာႏိုင္တယ္။




မိန္းကေလးေတြက ေစာျပီး အရြယ္ေရာက္တယ္။ ေယာက္်ားေလးေတြက ၁၂ ႏွစ္၊ မိန္းကေလးက ၁၀ ႏွစ္လို႔ ေျပာႏိုင္ျပီး၊ ျပည့္စံုတာကလည္း ၁၆-၁၈ ႏွစ္ နဲ႔ ၁၅-၁၇ ႏွစ္ လို႔ ကြာတယ္။ ေယာက္်ား နဲ႔ မိန္းမ ကြာျခားခ်က္ဟာ ပင္မလိင္အဂၤါေတြ သာမက Secondary sex characteristics ဒုတိယ လိင္လကၡဏာေတြ ဆိုတာလည္း ရွိတယ္။ ရင္သား (ႏို႔) အပါအ၀င္ေပါ့။

ဆီးစပ္ေမႊး Pubic hair ေပါက္တာက မတူၾကဘူး။ ေယာက္်ားေလးေတြမွာ လိင္တံအေျခနဲ႔ ကပ္ပဲ့အိတ္မွာ စေပါက္ျပီး၊ ေနာက္ လိင္တံေအာက္၊ ခ်က္ဆီအထိ ေပါက္တယ္။ ေပါင္မွာလဲ ေပါက္တယ္။ အရိုးေတြကလည္း ေယာက္်ားေတြက ပိုေလးလံတယ္။ ၾကြက္သားၾက ေယာက္်ားက ၂ ဆေတာင္ ပိုတယ္။ အဆီလည္း ၂ ဆဘဲ။ ပခံုးရိုးနဲ႔ ေမးရိုးေတြ ၾကီးထြားတာမွာလည္း ပိုတယ္။ လူၾကီးအရြယ္ေတြကို ယွဥ္ရင္ ကိုယ္ခႏၶာထုထည္မွာ ေယာက္်ားေတြက မိန္းမေတြရဲ႕ ၁၅၀% နဲ႔ အဆီက ၅၀% ရွိတယ္။

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မိန္းကေလးမွာ ပဌမဆံုး ထူးျခားတာက Breast ရင္သား ထြားလာတာပါ။ စစျခင္း အေရာင္ရင့္တဲ့ ႏို႔သီး၀ိုင္း Areola ေအာက္မွာ မာတင္းတင္း အစိုင္အခဲေလး ျဖစ္လာတယ္။ တဖက္ခ်င္းလဲ ျဖစ္တတ္တယ္။ ပ်မ္းမွ် ၁၀ ႏွစ္ခြဲသမီးမွာ ျဖစ္တယ္။ ေနာက္ ၆ လ ၁ ႏွစ္မွာ ေျပာ့တဲ့ အစိုင္အခဲဟာ ႏို႔သီး၀ိုင္း Areola အျပင္ဘက္ကေန ေပၚလာတယ္။ ႏို႔သီး၀ိုင္းက ပန္းေရာင္၊ အညိဳေရာင္ မတူၾကဘူး။ အပ်ိဳစစ္ ေနသ၍ (ကိုယ္၀န္ မေဆာင္ဘူးေသးခ်ိန္အထိ) ထိပ္ဖ်ားမွာ ပန္းေရာင္ေလး ရွိေနရမယ္။ အရြယ္အစား၊ ပံုပန္း၊ အေတာ္မတူၾကဘူး။ အမ်ားစုက ဘယ္ဘက္ကပိုျပီး အရြယ္ၾကီးတယ္။

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ဆီးစပ္ေမႊး Pubic hair ေပါက္လာတာက မိန္းကေလးေတြရဲ႕ ဒုတိယ အေျပာင္းအလဲ ျဖစ္တယ္။ မအဂၤါႏွခမ္းသား Labia ေဘးကေန စတယ္။ ႏုႏု-ေျဖာင့္ေျဖာင့္ေလးေတြက ေနာက္မွာ ၾကမ္းျပီး ေကာက္ေကြးလာတယ္။ ေပါက္တဲ့ ေနရာေတြပါ က်ယ္က်ယ္လာတယ္။ ၁၅%ေသာ မိန္းကေလးေတြမွာ ဒီအေျပာင္းအလဲက ရင္သား ဖြံ႔ထြားတာထက္ ပိုေစာတတ္တယ္။ မိန္းမေတြမွာ အမ်ားအားျဖင့္ တရိဂံ-ေစာက္ထိုးပံုနဲ႔ ေယာက္်ားေတြမွာ တရိဂံ-အတည့္ပံု ျဖစ္တယ္။ လူမ်ိဳးအလိုက္၊ မ်ိဳးရိုးအလိုက္ေတာ့ ကြာတယ္။ Pubic hair နဲ႔ ဆံပင္အေရာင္၊ ခ်ိဳင္းေမႊးအေရာင္ အတူတူ ျဖစ္ျခင္မွ ျဖစ္မယ္။

ေမြးလမ္းေၾကာင္း Vagina ကို ဖံုးေနတဲ့ အေရျပားႏု Mucosa က ပိုထူလာတယ္။ အရင္ ခပ္ရဲရဲကေန ပန္းေရာင္ ခပ္မြဲမြဲ ျဖစ္လာတယ္။ စြပ္စိုမႈလည္း ရွိတာတယ္။ သားအိမ္ Uterus နဲ႔ မ်ိဳးဥအိမ္ Ovaries ေတြက အရြယ္ပိုၾကီးလာတယ္။ ရာသီ ဆင္းတယ္လို႔ ေခၚတဲ့ Menstruation စဆင္းလာတယ္။ သားအိမ္ အတြင္းဆံုးအလႊာက လအစမွာ ပါးရာကေန ထူလာျပီး၊ ေနာက္ဆံုး ပ်က္စီးသြားလို႔ ထြက္တဲ့ ေသြးနဲ႔ တစ္ရွဴးအပ်က္အစီးေတြ ျဖစ္တယ္။ ပ်မ္းမွ် ၁၁႕၇၅ ႏွစ္အရြယ္ ျဖစ္တယ္။ ျဖစ္စ အရြယ္မွာ ရာသီဆင္းတာက တလ တခါရယ္လို႔ မမွန္ေသးဘူး။ မ်ိဳးဆက္ပြါးႏိုင္စြမ္း Fertility ရွိလာတာ ျဖစ္တယ္။ အဲဒါက မ်ိဳးဥအိမ္ Ovary ကေန မ်ိဳးဥ Ovum ထြက္ႏိုင္စြမ္းရွိလာမွ ျဖစ္တယ္။ ပဌမ ၁ ႏွစ္မွာ ၈၀% မိန္းကေလးေတြမွာ မ်ိဳးဥ မထြက္ဘဲ ရာသီးသာဆင္းတယ္။ ၅၀%က ၃ ႏွစ္အထိ ဒီလိုဘဲ။ ၆ ႏွစ္အထိ ၾကာတာေတာင္ ၁၀% မိန္းကေလးေတြမွာ မ်ိဳးဥမဲ့ ရာသီျဖစ္ၾကတယ္။

မိန္းကေလး အရြယ္ေရာက္ခ်ိန္က ေသြးဆံုးခ်ိန္လိုဘဲ၊ မ်ိဳးရိုးလိုက္ႏိုင္တယ္။ အစာအာဟာရ ကေနလည္း လႊမ္းမိုးႏိုင္တာက မိန္းကေလးေတြမွာ ပိုျဖစ္တယ္။ တေန႔တာ စားတဲ့ထဲကေန ပိုေနတဲ့ (ကယ္လိုရီ) ေတြကို အဆီစုထားလို႔ပါ။ ၀တဲ့သူ၊ အားကစား-ေလ့က်င့္ခန္း၊ မလုပ္သူေတြ အပိ်ဳျဖစ္ ေစာတယ္။ နာတာရွည္ ေရာဂါ ရွိေနရင္ ေနာက္က်တယ္။

www.monetine999.com ေယာက္်ားေလးႏွင့္မိန္းခေလး အရြယ္ေရာက္ပံု ကြာျခားခ်က္မ်ား

ေယာက္်ားမွာ မိန္းမနဲ႔ မတူတာေတြထဲမွာ အေမႊးေပါက္ပံုပါတယ္။ မ်က္ႏွာမွာ အေမႊးေပါက္တာ ေယာက္်ား။ ေပါင္ေရွ႕ပိုင္း ၾကြက္သား ေယာက္်ားမွာ ပိုသန္မာတယ္။ ေပါင္ေနာက္ပိုင္းက ပိုသန္မာတာက မိန္းမ။ လည္ေစ့လို႔ေခၚတဲ့ Adam's apple က ေယာက္်ားမွာသာ ရွိတယ္။ ရင္ပတ္ကားတာ၊ ပခံုးက်ယ္တာ ေခြ်းပိုထြက္တာ၊ ၀က္ျခံပိုေပါက္တာ ေယာက္်ား။ အေရျပားလည္း ပိုၾကမ္းတယ္။ သူ႔ေအာက္မွာ အဆီစုတာ နည္းလို႔။

မိန္းကေလးေတြရဲ႕ ကိုယ္ခႏၶာပံုပန္းကလည္း ထူးျခားလာတယ္။ တင္ပိုင္းရဲ႕ ေအာက္ပိုင္းတ၀က္က ေဘးကားလာတယ္။ ရင္သား၊ တင္-တင္ပါး၊ ေပါင္၊ လက္ေမာင္း၊ ဆီးစပ္ေနရာေတြမွာ အဆီစုေ၀းလာတယ္။ ဗမာေတြက ခါးေသး-ရင္ခ်ီလို႔ ေျပာၾကတယ္။ ေဆးစာလိုေျပာရရင္ Waist-hip ratio (WHR) ခါးနဲ႔ တင္ အခ်ိဳးလို႔ ေျပာတယ္။ တိတိက်က် ဆိုခ်င္တာက အက်ဥ္းဆံုးခါးက ဘယ္ႏွစ္လကၼ၊ အကားဆံုး တင္ပိုင္းက ဘယ္ႏွစ္လကၼ ဆိုတာ တိုင္းထြာျပီး၊ အခ်ိဳးခ် လိုက္တာပါ။

ပိုအေရးၾကီးတာက က်န္းမာေရးကို ဘယ္လို သက္ေရာက္သလဲ။ အမ်ိဳးသမီးဆိုတာ Pear-shaped body ျဖစ္တယ္။ Apple-shaped body ျဖစ္သူေတြမွာ ေရာဂါေတြ ပိုျဖစ္တယ္။ မိန္းမတေယာက္မွာ ၀႕၇၊ ေယာက္်ားမွာ ၀႕၉ ရွိေနရင္ ၾကည့္ရတာ အခ်ိဳးက်တဲ့အျပင္ က်န္းမာေရးလည္း ေကာင္းလိမ့္မယ္။ က်န္းမာေရးလိုဘဲ ဆြဲေဆာင္မႈ ဆိုတာလည္း အေရးပါတယ္။ WHR ေကာင္းတဲ့ အမ်ိဳးသမီးဟာ ဆြဲေဆာင္မႈ ေကာင္းတယ္။ ဆိုပါစို႔ Marilyn Monroe နဲ႔ Sophia Loren တို႔ဟာ WHR ၀႕၇ ေတြ ျဖစ္ၾကတယ္။ တရုပ္အမ်ိဳးသမီးေတြမွာ ၀႕၆၊ ေတာင္အေမရိကနဲ႔ အာဖရိကမွာ ၀႕၉ လို႔ သိရတယ္။

စာဖတ္သူနဲ႔ တူ-မတူေတာ့ မေျပာတတ္ဘူး၊ သုေတသနတခုက "မိန္းမတေယာက္ ခါးေသးတာဟာ တင္ကားတာထက္ ဆြဲေဆာင္မႈ ပိုရွိတယ္" လို႔ ဆိုတယ္။ ဒါ့ေၾကာင့္ ေနမွာေပါ့ အမ်ိဳးသမီးေတြ Corset ေခၚတဲ့ ခါေသး၊ Hip and buttock padding ေခၚတဲ့ အခုအခံေတြ သံုးၾကတာ။

Ref:Dr Tint Swe and http://kidshealth.org/kid/grow/body_stuff/puberty.html#

OK, so it's a funny word — but what is puberty, anyway? Puberty (say: pyoo-ber-tee) is the name for the time when your body begins to develop and change as you move from kid to adult. We're talking about stuff like girls developing breasts and boys starting to look more like men. During puberty, your body will grow faster than at any other time in your life, except for when you were a baby.

It helps to know about the changes that puberty causes before they happen. That way, you know what to expect. It's also important to remember that everybody goes through these changes. No matter where you live, whether you're a boy or a girl, whether you like vanilla or double-fudge-chunk ice cream, you will experience them. No two people are exactly alike, but one thing everyone has in common is that we all go through puberty.

Usually, puberty starts between ages 8 and 13 in girls and ages 10 and 15 in boys. This wide range in ages may help explain why some of your friends still look like young kids whereas others look more like adults.

When your body is ready to begin puberty, your pituitary (say: pih-too-uh-ter-ee) gland (a pea-shaped gland located at the bottom of your brain) releases special hormones. Depending on whether you're a boy or a girl, these hormones go to work on different parts of the body.


Changes for Boys and Girls

For boys, the hormones travel through the blood and tell the testes (say: tes-teez), the two egg-shaped glands in the scrotum (the sac that hangs under the penis), to begin making testosterone (say: tess-tahs-tuh-rone) and sperm. Testosterone is the hormone that causes most of the changes in a boy's body during puberty, and men need sperm to be able to reproduce (be the father of a baby).

In girls, these hormones target the two ovaries (say: o-vuh-reez), which contain eggs that have been in the girl's body since she was born. The hormones cause the ovaries to start making another hormone, called estrogen. Together, these hormones prepare a girl's body to start her periods and be able to become pregnant someday.

Boys and girls both begin to grow hair under their arms and their pubic areas (on and around the genitals). It starts out looking light and thin. Then, as kids go through puberty, it becomes longer, thicker, heavier, curlier, and darker. Eventually, boys also start to grow hair on their faces.

It's Just a Growth Spurt

A spurt is a short burst of activity or something that happens in a hurry. And a growth spurt is just that: Your body is growing and it's happening really fast! When you go through puberty, it might seem like your sleeves are always getting shorter and your pants are creeping up your legs. That's because you're having a growth spurt that lasts for about 2 to 3 years. When that growth spurt is at its peak, some kids grow 4 or more inches (10 or more centimeters) in a year! At the end of your growth spurt, you'll have reached your adult height — or just about. But your height isn't the only thing that changes during puberty.

With all this quick growth, it can seem like one part of your body — your feet, for instance — are growing faster than everything else. This can make you feel clumsy or awkward. This is normal, too! The rest of your body will eventually fill out and shape up, and you'll feel less klutzy.


Taking Shape

Your body also fills out and changes shape during puberty. A boy's shoulders will grow wider and his body will become more muscular. He may notice a bit of breast growth on his chest. Don't worry, this is normal — and it goes away for most boys by the end of puberty. In addition, boys' voices crack and eventually become deeper, their penises grow longer and wider, and their testes get bigger. All of these changes mean that their bodies are developing as they should during puberty.

Girls' bodies usually become curvier. Their hips get wider and their breasts develop, starting with just a little swelling under the nipples. Sometimes one breast grows more quickly than the other, but most of the time they even out. Girls may start wearing bras around this time, especially if they are involved in sports or exercise classes. With all this growing and developing going on, some girls may be uncomfortable with how their bodies are changing, but it's unhealthy for girls to diet to try to stop any normal weight gain. If you have any questions about puberty or worried about your weight, talk to your parent or doctor.

One question a girl will have is: When will I get my first period? This usually happens about 2 years after her breasts start to develop. The menstrual (say: men-strul) period, or monthly cycle, is when blood is released through the vagina. That may sound alarming, but it's normal and it signals that a girl is growing up and her body is preparing so that she can have a baby someday.

Here's what's going on: Each of a girl's two ovaries holds thousands of eggs. During the menstrual cycle, an egg is released from one of the ovaries and begins a trip down the fallopian (say: fuh-lo-pee-un) tube to the uterus, also called the womb. A girl has two fallopian tubes, one connecting each ovary to the uterus. Before the egg even leaves the ovary, though, hormones stimulate the uterus to build up its inner lining with extra blood and tissue. If the egg gets to the uterus and is fertilized by a sperm cell, it may plant itself in that lining and grow into a baby. The extra blood and tissue nourishes and protects the baby as it develops.

But most of the time the egg is only passing through. When the egg doesn't get fertilized, or if the fertilized egg doesn't become planted in the lining, the uterus no longer needs the extra blood and tissue, so the blood leaves the body through the vagina. This blood is known as a girl's period. A period usually lasts from 2 to 7 days. About 2 weeks after the last period a new egg is released as the cycle repeats itself.


Face Up to Changes

Another thing that comes with puberty is acne (say: ak-nee) — or pimples — caused by all those hormones at work in the body. Skin gets oilier and pimples usually start showing up when puberty begins, and you may get them throughout the teenage years. You might see pimples on your face, your upper back, or your upper chest. To help control pimples, wash your face twice a day with warm water and a mild soap or cleanser. Don't squeeze, pick, or pop your pimples. Your doctor can also offer suggestions for clearing up acne. The good news is that acne usually gets a lot better as you get older.

Putting the P.U. in Puberty

P.U.! A lot of kids notice that they have a new smell under their arms and in other places when they hit puberty — and it's not a pretty one. That smell is body odor (you may have heard people call it B.O.) and everyone gets it. As you enter puberty, the puberty hormones stimulate the glands in your skin, including the sweat glands under your arms. When sweat and bacteria on your skin get together, it can smell pretty bad.

So what can you do to feel less stinky? Well, keeping clean can stop you from smelling. You might want to take a shower every day, either in the morning before school or at night before bed. Wearing clean clothes and showering after you've been playing sports or exercising is also a good idea. Another way to cut down on body odor is to use deodorant. If you use a deodorant with antiperspirant, it will cut down on sweat as well.

There's More?

Boys and girls will also notice other body changes as they enter puberty. Girls sometimes might see and feel white or clear stuff coming from the vagina. This doesn't mean anything is wrong — it's called vaginal discharge and is just another sign hormones are changing your body.

Boys will begin to get erections (this is when the penis fills with blood and becomes hard). Sometimes erections happen when boys think about sexual things or they can happen for no reason at all. Boys also may experience something called nocturnal emissions (or wet dreams). This is when the penis becomes erect when a boy is sleeping and he ejaculates. When a boy ejaculates, semen — the fluid that contains sperm — comes out of the penis. That's why they're called wet dreams — they happen when you're sleeping and your underwear or the bed might be a little wet when you wake up. Wet dreams occur less often as boys move through puberty and they eventually stop.


Change Can Feel Kind of Strange

Just as those hormones change the way your body looks on the outside, they also create changes on the inside. During puberty, you might feel confused or have strong emotions that you've never had before. You might feel overly sensitive or become upset easily. Some kids lose their tempers more often and get angry with their friends or families. You also may feel anxious about how your changing body looks.

Sometimes it can be hard to deal with all these new emotions. It's important to know that while your body is adjusting to the new hormones, so is your mind. Try to remember that people usually aren't trying to hurt your feelings or upset you on purpose. It might not be your family or friends — it might be your new "puberty brain" trying to adjust.

You might also have sexual feelings that you've never felt before. And you will probably have lots of questions about these new, confusing feelings about sex.

It's easy to feel embarrassed or nervous when talking about sex. It's important to get your questions answered, but you need to be sure you have all the right information. Some kids can talk to their parents about sex and get all their questions answered. But if you feel funny talking to your parents about sex, there are many other people you can talk to, like your doctor, a school nurse, a teacher, a school counselor, or some other adult you feel comfortable talking with.

Developing Differently

People are all a little different from each other, so it makes sense that they don't all develop in the same way. During puberty, everyone changes at his or her own pace. Maybe some of your friends are getting their period, and you haven't developed breasts yet. Maybe your best friend's voice has changed, and you think you still sound like a kid. Or maybe you're sick of being the tallest girl in your class or the only boy who has to shave.

In a few cases, kids who are developing very early or who are very late in starting have a problem that may need to be checked or treated. If you are concerned about that possibility, talk with your parents and schedule a visit with your doctor. Your doctor knows all about puberty and can help determine if you are developing normally.

But just about everyone catches up eventually, and most differences between you and your friends will even out. Until then, hang in there. Puberty can be quite a wild ride!



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"Japanese adult video actress Anna Hisaki works the crowd at the Asia Adult Expo in Macau.


တစ္ခ်ိဳ့ေသာ္သူမ်ားသည္ လိင္ဆက္တံလိုစိတ္ျဖစ္လာေသာ္အခါ မိမိဖာသာ စိတ္ေျဖၾကလိုက္ရသည္...ထိုကဲ့သို့စိတ္ေျဖရျခင္းမွာ မိမိတြင္ ဆန့္က်င္ဖက္လိင္အေဖၚမရွိျခင္း ေရာဂါ၀င္ေရာက္မွုကိုကာကြယ္လိုျခင္း အရွက္တရားၾကီးျခင္း လိင္ေဖ်ာ္ေျဖမွုကို စက္ငုတ္ပရာဟုထင္ေနျခင္းႏွင့္ တစ္ျခားအေၾကာင္းပ်ားေၾကာင့္ ျဖစ္ၾကပါတယ္....
ဒီအခါမွာ လိင္ဆက္တံလိုစိတ္ျဖစ္လာေသာ္အခါ ​လိင္​ေဖ်ာ္​ေျဖ​ ​အ​ရုပ္​မ်ား ( ဆန့္က်င္ဖက္လိင္အဂ္ါ ပစၥည္းအတု Vibrator​ ) မ်ားျဖင့္ မိမိဖာသာ စိတ္ေျဖၾကလိုက္ရသည္......


Despite traditional cultural taboos, the sex industry is booming in China



​ ​ေဟာင္​ေကာင္​တြင္​ ​ၿပီး​ခဲ့​သည့္​ ​သီ​တင္း​ပါတ္​ကုန္​က​ ​က်င္း​ပ​ေသာ​ Expo​ ​တြင္​ ​က​မ႓ာ့​အ​ေသး​ဆံုး​ Vibrator​ ​ႏွင့္​ ​အ​ေမ​ရိ​ကန္​ ​သ​မၼ​တ​ ​ဘာ​ရတ္​အို​ဘား​မား​ႏွင့္​ ​ဆင္​တူ​ေသာ​ ​လိင္​ေဖ်ာ္​ေျဖ​ ​အ​ရုပ္​တို့​မွာ​ ​ပ​ရိ​သတ္​အ​ႀကိုက္​ ​ျဖစ္​ခဲ့​သည္​။
အမွန္မွာ လိင္ဆက္ဆံျခင္းသည္ က်န္းမာေရးကို ပိုမိုေကုင္းမြန္ေစသည္ဟု က်န္းမာေရးအဖြဲ့ပ်ားကေတြ့ရွိခဲ့ပါတယ္....
တစ္ ​ပါတ္​လ်င္ ႏွစ္​ႀကိမ္​မ်ွ​​ လိင္​ ဆက္​ဆံ​ျခင္း​သည္​ က်န္း​မာ​ေရး ေကာင္း​မြန္​ေစ ပါတယ္...

​ ​လိင္​ေဖ်ာ္​ေျဖ​မႈ​ ​ပ​စၥည္း​မ်ား​ ​ထုတ္​လုပ္​သည့္​ ​ဒိုင္​အို​ရွီ​ ​ပ​လပ္​စ​တစ္​ ​အ​ရုပ္​လုပ္ငန္း​မွ​ ​ဂ်န္​မင္း​လီ​က​ ​မိ​မိ​တို့​သည္​ ​သ​မၼ​တ​ ​အို​ဘား​မား​၏​ ​ပံု​တူ​ရုပ္​ကို​ ​ဖန္​တီး​ရန္​ ​စိတ္​ကူး​ရ​ခဲ့​ေၾကာင္း​၊​ ၎​သည္​ ​က​မ႓ာ့​ေခါင္း​ေဆာင္​မ်ား​အ​နက္​ ​မိ​မိ​တို့​အ​တြက္​ ​စည္း​မ်ဥ္း​မ်ား​ႏွင့္​ ​ကင္း​လြတ္​ၿပီး​ ဥ​ပ​ေဒ​ေၾကာင္း​အ​ရ​ ​ၿငိ​စြန္း​မႈ​ ​မ​ရွိ​နိုင္​သည့္​ ​တစ္ဦး​တည္း​ေသာ​ ​ပု​ဂၢိဳလ္​ျဖစ္​ေၾကာင္း​ ​ေျပာ​ၾကား​ခဲ့​သည္​။​



​ဂ်​ပန္​ ​အ​ေဖာ္​အ​ခ်ြတ္​ႏွင့္​ ​အ​ျပာ​ရုပ္​ရွင္​ ​မင္း​သ​မီး​ ​အန္​နာ​ဟိုင္​ဆာ​ကီ​သည္​လည္း​ ​ဂ်​ပန္​လိင္​ေဖ်ာ္​ေျဖ​မႈ​ ​ပ​စၥည္း​မ်ား​ ​ထုတ္​လုပ္​သည့္​ ​ကု​မၸ​ဏီ​ ​တင္​ဂါ​၏​ ​အ​ေရာင္း​ရ​ဆံုး​ Flip​ Lite​ပ​စၥည္း​အ​တြက္​ ​သ​ရုပ္​ျပ​ခဲ့​ေသး​သည္​။​

​ယ​ခု​ႏွစ္​ Expo​ သို့​ ​စု​စု​ေပါင္း​ ဧည့္​သည္​ ​၃၀၀၀၀​ ​ေက်ာ္​ ​လာ​ေရာက္​ၾကည့္​ရႈ​ခဲ့​ရာ​ ​ယ​မန္​ႏွစ္​က​ထက္​ ​၂၀​ ​ရာ​ခိုင္​နႈန္း​ ​တိုး​ပြား​လာ​ျခင္း​ျဖစ္​ေၾကာင္း​ ​သိ​ရွိ​ရ​သည္​






မည္သို့ပင္ဆိုကာေစ ​လိင္​ေဖ်ာ္​ေျဖ​မႈ​ ​ပ​စၥည္း​မ်ား​ ( Vibrator​ or Masturbator) မ်ားသည္ လူသားမ်ားကို တစ္ဖက္တစ္လမ္းကမ်ားစြာအေထာက္အကူျဖစ္မွာေသခ်ာလွေပသည္......

Ref:http://www.cnngo.com/hong-kong/life/asia-adult-expo-290744

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Asia Adult Expo: Despite conservative traditions, Asia's sex industry is exploding



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A busty girl in an air hostess costume waves an artificial vagina in my face then shakes it near her crotch. She unbuttons her shirt and slips out of her skirt, revealing a black bikini underneath. Now she returns to pumping the device to the beat of a Japanese pop song.

This was the scene at the press preview for last weekend's Asia Adult Expo. Japanese sex toy company Tenga was hosting a product demonstration of Flip Lite, their best-selling masturbation sleeve, and the girl in front of me was Japanese porn actress Anna Hisaki. The male photographers around me looked like they couldn’t believe their luck.

Held at The Venetian Macau on August 20-22, the third Asia Adult Expo was a three-day sex fair during which sex toy manufacturers from around the globe paraded their latest curiosities. These included the world’s smallest vibrator and an inflatable President Obama sex doll.
Despite traditional cultural taboos, the sex industry is booming in China.
Despite traditional cultural taboos, the sex industry is booming in China.

While attendees were getting close looks at the artificial vagina, in another corner of the exhibition hall kimono-clad adult-video stars Kayama Mika and Mihiro autographed covers of 3D porn flicks. In a booth nearby, two Chinese models in barely-there bunny outfits passed out Playboy-branded condoms.

Asia Adult Expo
Adult video stars Mihiro (left) and Kayama Mika attracted lots of attention at this year's Asia Adult Expo.

These three scenes were the raunchiest of the first day. In fact, most of the exhibition booths were pretty routine and the expo wasn’t exactly the risqué affair that some expected -- some male friends who paid to get in said they wanted their money back. Still, there's no denying that China has a massive pent-up demand for X-rated products.

This year's Asia Adult Expo saw a total of 30,000 visitors, a 20 percent spike over last year. The number of exhibitors and exhibition space has grown exponentially since the fair’s inception three years ago. Kenny Lo, chief executive of Asia Adult Expo organizer Vertical Expo, credits women for the surge in popularity.

“Many high-earning women in their thirties and forties in China’s metropolises get really enthusiastic over sex toys, and can spend up to HK$3,000 in one sex-toy shopping spree,” said Lo. “They’re past their marriageable age, can’t find a partner and have sexual needs, so they turn to pleasuring themselves. And this particular demographic is growing in both mainland China and in Hong Kong.” Lo estimates female adult products, such as vibrators and lingerie, account for up to 70 percent of total income for many of Asia Adult Expo’s exhibitors.

Asia Adult Expo
Showgirls at the TengaXSoft on Demand booth walked a thin line. "Pornography is forbidden in China, so we have to be very careful,” said Arnd Krusche, managing director of sex toy distributor Loewie.

Also rapidly gaining a following in China are inexpensive, mass-produced sex toys. Nanma, a Hong Kong-based firm selling bargain bin sex toys, hosted one of the most popular booths at the fair.

“I’m seeing more cheap sex toys being sold at sex shops and adult expos in mainland China,” said Lo. “Unlike the average of HK$1,000 and HK$2,000 here at the Asia Adult Expo, they go for a lot cheaper --usually under HK$100.”

For all the mushrooming demand, there are taboos that have yet to be broken in the country.

“Marketing in China is very different. For instance, pornography is forbidden in China. We have to be very careful not to mix up with that, so in our posters we have to be very careful and not use such sexy images,” said Arnd Krusche, managing director of Hong Kong-based sex toy distributor Loewie.

“China has enormous potential and spending power, but Chinese society is still conservative,” said Lo. "Sex shops in Hong Kong and mainland China are hard to find, mostly hidden in alleys and inside small shopping malls, whereas anywhere else in the world you can find them on main streets of the city center.”

“Chinese reluctance to shopping in the open (for sex toys) has spawned a large online order business,” said Lo. “In China you’ll find thousands, even tens of thousands, of online shops selling sex toys.”

Read more: Asia Adult Expo: Despite conservative traditions, Asia's sex industry is exploding | CNNGo.com http://www.cnngo.com/hong-kong/life/asia-adult-expo-290744#ixzz0yAHNyxif

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